(

a) Except in the cases described in subdivision (b), a contract for the sale of personal property is not enforceable by way of action or defense beyond five thousand dollars ($5,000) in amount or value of remedy unless there is some record, as defined in subdivision (

m) of

Section 1633.2, but solely to the extent permitted by applicable law, that indicates that a contract for sale has been made between the parties at a defined or stated price, reasonably identifies the subject matter, and is signed, including by way of electronic signature, as defined in subdivision (

h) of

Section 1633.2, but solely to the extent permitted by applicable law, by the party against whom enforcement is sought or by his or her authorized agent. (

b) Subdivision (

a) does not apply to contracts governed by the Commercial Code, including contracts for the sale of goods (Section of the Commercial Code), contracts for the sale of securities (Section of the Commercial Code), and security agreements (Sections and of the Commercial Code). (

c) Subdivision (

a) does not apply to a qualified financial contract as that term is defined in paragraph (2) of subdivision (

b) of

Section if either of the following exists:

(1) There is, as provided in paragraph (3) of subdivision (

b) of

Section 1624, sufficient evidence to indicate that a contract has been made.

(2) The parties thereto, by means of a prior or subsequent written contract, have agreed to be bound by the terms of the qualified financial contract from the time they reach agreement (by telephone, by exchange of electronic messages, or otherwise) on those terms.