(

a) A city, county, or city and county, including an attorney acting on behalf of a city, county, or city and county, shall not charge a defendant for the costs of investigation, prosecution, or appeal in a criminal case, including, but not limited to, a criminal violation of a local ordinance. This prohibition shall not apply in any civil action or civil proceeding. (

b) This

section shall not apply to any of the following:

(1) A violation of

Section 186.8, 186.11, or 670.

(2) Costs ordered by a court pursuant to paragraph (1) of subdivision (

d) of

Section of the Health and Safety Code.

(3) A violation of

Section 1871.4 of the Insurance Code.

(4) A violation of

Section 3700.5 of the Labor Code.

(5) A violation of

Section 19542.3, 19701, 19701.5, 19705, 19706, 19720, 19721, 30165.1, 30482, 38800, 46701, 46702, 46704, or of the Revenue and Taxation Code.

(6) A violation of

Section of the Unemployment Insurance Code.

(7) A violation of any other provision of state law where recovery of the costs of investigation, prosecution, or appeal in a criminal case is specifically authorized by statute or ordered by a court. This paragraph does not apply to a local ordinance. (

c) Nothing in this

section shall be interpreted to affect the authority of a probation department to assess and collect fees or other charges authorized by statute. (

d) For the purposes of this section, the term “costs” means the salary, fees, and hourly rate paid to attorneys, law enforcement, and inspectors for hours spent either investigating or enforcing the charged crime. Costs shall not include the cost, including oversight, to remediate, abate, restore, or otherwise clean-up harms caused by criminal conduct.