CHAPTER 655

655.001 Purpose; application.

(1) Provide general regulatory powers to be exercised by the Financial Services Commission and the Office of Financial Regulation in relation to the regulation of financial institutions. The financial institutions codes apply to all state-authorized or state-chartered financial institutions and to the enforcement of all laws relating to state-authorized or state-chartered financial institutions.

(2) Provide for and promote:

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 6, ch. 92-303; s. 1699, ch. 2003-261.

655.005

Definitions.

(1) As used in the financial institutions codes, unless the context otherwise requires, the term:

(2) Terms used but not defined in the financial institutions codes, but which are defined in Title XXXIX, entitled Commercial Relations, as enacted in chapters 668 through 1 680, have the meanings ascribed to them in Title XXXIX.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 7, ch. 92-303; s. 1, ch. 93-111; s. 2, ch. 97-30; s. 519, ch. 97-102; s. 1700, ch. 2003-261; s. 5, ch. 2004-340; s. 88, ch. 2004-390; s. 1, ch. 2005-181; s. 7, ch. 2008-75; s. 1, ch. 2010-9; s. 1, ch. 2011-194; s. 1, ch. 2014-91; s. 1, ch. 2014-97; s. 1, ch. 2015-64; s. 1, ch. 2017-83.

655.012 General supervisory powers; rulemaking; seal.

(1) In addition to other powers conferred by the financial institutions codes, the office shall have:

(2) In addition to other powers conferred by the financial institutions codes, the commission shall have the power to adopt rules pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54 to implement the provisions of such codes.

(3) The office shall have an official seal by which its proceedings are authenticated.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 8, ch. 92-303; s. 2, ch. 93-111; s. 218, ch. 98-200; s. 1701, ch. 2003-261.

655.013 Effect on existing financial institutions.

History. — s. 9, ch. 92-303; s. 2, ch. 2011-194.

655.015 Construction; standards to be observed by commission and office.

(1) The financial institutions codes shall be liberally construed and applied to promote their purposes and policies.

(2) The purposes and policies as stated in s. 655.001 constitute standards to be observed by the commission and office in the exercise of their discretionary powers under the financial institutions codes, in the adoption of rules, in the issuance of orders and declaratory statements, in the examination and supervision of financial institutions, and in all matters of construction and application of the financial institutions codes required for any determination or action.

(3) The headings, captions, and catchlines at the beginning of sections, subsections, and paragraphs are for convenience only, do not constitute any part of the statutes comprising the financial institutions codes, do not constitute a complete index of the financial institutions codes, are not indicative of the intent of the financial institutions codes, and may not be used in construing or interpreting the financial institutions codes.

History. — s. 10, ch. 92-303; s. 1702, ch. 2003-261.

655.016 Liability when acting upon rule, order, or declaratory statement.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 438, ch. 81-259; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; s. 1, ch. 92-303; s. 1703, ch. 2003-261.

655.017 Local regulation preempted.

(1) A county or municipality may not enact or enforce a resolution, ordinance, or rule that regulates financial or lending activities, including a resolution, ordinance, or rule that disqualifies persons from doing business with a county or municipality based on lending interest rates, or that imposes reporting requirements or other obligations regarding the financial services or lending practices of persons or entities, and subsidiaries or affiliates thereof which:

(2) This

section does not prevent a county or municipality from engaging in a civil investigation, initiating an administrative proceeding, or commencing a civil proceeding to determine compliance with or to enforce a state law, a rule or order of a state agency, or an ordinance or rule of a county or municipality which is not preempted pursuant to this section.

(3) Notwithstanding subsection (2), a financial institution shall notify the office of any civil investigation or administrative or civil proceeding initiated by a county or municipality in accordance with s. 655.948. The office shall have sole and exclusive jurisdiction to initiate appropriate administrative or civil proceedings to enforce such laws, rules, or orders if the office determines that such investigation or proceeding:

(4) This

section does not limit or restrict the powers of the Department of Legal Affairs or the law enforcement agencies of this state to commence a civil or criminal action, as applicable.

History. — s. 2, ch. 2014-91.

655.0201 Service of process, notice, levy, or demand on financial institutions.

(1) Notwithstanding any other Florida law, this

section establishes the proper location for service of process upon a financial institution for all types of service of process to be made on a financial institution.

(2) A financial institution authorized by federal or state law to transact business in this state may designate with the Department of State a place or registered agent located within the state as the financial institution’s sole location or agent for service of process, notice, levy, or demand. Any such place or registered agent so designated must be open and available for service of process during regular business hours on regular business days, which, at a minimum, is any time between the hours of 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. local time, on Mondays through Fridays, excluding federal and Florida holidays.

After a financial institution designates a place or registered agent within this state, such place or registered agent is the sole location for service of process, including service for actions related to garnishment, levy, injunctions, lawsuits, and the attachment of safety deposit boxes, in accordance with chapters 60, 76, and 77, and the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure.

(3)(

a) If a financial institution has no registered agent or service cannot be made in accordance with subsection (2), service may be made to any officer, director, or business agent of the financial institution at its principal place of business or at any other branch, office, or place of business in the state.

History. — s. 2, ch. 2005-181; s. 59, ch. 2014-209; s. 34, ch. 2015-148; s. 2, ch. 2016-180.

655.031 Administrative enforcement guidelines.

(1) In imposing any administrative remedy or penalty provided for in the financial institutions codes, the office shall take into account the appropriateness of the penalty with respect to the size of the financial resources and good faith of the person charged, the gravity of the violation, the history of previous violations, and such other matters as justice may require.

(2) All administrative proceedings under ss. 655.033 and 655.037 shall be conducted in accordance with

chapter 120. Any service required or authorized to be made by the office under the financial institutions codes may be made by certified mail, return receipt requested, delivered to addressee only; by personal delivery; or in accordance with

chapter 48. The service provided for hereunder is effective from the date of delivery.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 11, ch. 92-303; s. 1704, ch. 2003-261.

655.032 Investigations, subpoenas, hearings, and witnesses.

(1) The office may make investigations, within or outside this state, which it deems necessary to determine whether a person has violated or is about to violate any provision of the financial institutions codes or of the rules adopted by the commission pursuant to such codes.

(2)(

a) In the course of or in connection with an investigation by the office pursuant to the provisions of subsection (1) or an investigation or examination in connection with any application to the office for the organization or establishment of a state financial institution or a branch thereof, and in connection with an examination of a state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation by the office, the office, or any of its officers holding no lesser title and position than examiner in charge or attorney at law, shall have the power:

(3)(

a) In the event of noncompliance with a subpoena issued or caused to be issued by the office pursuant to this section, the office may petition the circuit court of the county in which the person subpoenaed resides or has its principal place of business for an order requiring the subpoenaed person to appear and testify and to produce such books, records, and documents as are specified in such subpoena duces tecum. The office is entitled to the

summary procedure provided in s. 51.011, and the court shall advance the cause on its calendar.

(4) Witnesses shall be entitled to the same fees and mileage to which they might be entitled by law for attending as witnesses in the circuit court, except that no fees or mileage shall be allowed in the case of testimony of a financial institution-affiliated party if such testimony is taken at the principal office of the state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation or at the residence of the financial institution-affiliated party.

(5) Reasonable and necessary expenses incurred by the office and payable to persons in investigations may be assessed against such an applicant, state financial institution, subsidiary, service corporation, or financial institution-affiliated party on the basis of actual costs incurred. Assessable expenses include, but are not limited to: expenses for interpreters; expenses for communications; expenses for legal representation; expenses for economic, legal, or other research, analyses, and testimony; and fees and expenses for witnesses. The failure to reimburse the office is a ground for denial of the application or for revocation of any approval thereof.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 4, ch. 84-216; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 89-229; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 12, ch. 92-303; s. 520, ch. 97-102; s. 1705, ch. 2003-261.

655.0321 Restricted access to certain hearings, proceedings, and related documents.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 2, ch. 89-229; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 3, 13, ch. 92-303; s. 410, ch. 96-406; s. 1706, ch. 2003-261.

655.0322 Prohibited acts and practices; criminal penalties.

(1) As used in this section, the term “financial institution” means a financial institution as defined in s. 655.005 or other business entity as defined by the commission by rule, whether organized under the laws of this state, the laws of another state, or the laws of the United States, which is located in this state.

(2) A financial institution-affiliated party may not ask for, or willfully and knowingly receive or consent to receive for himself or herself or any related interest, a commission, emolument, gratuity, money, property, or thing of value for:

(3) A financial institution-affiliated party may not:

(4) A financial institution-affiliated party may not knowingly place among the assets of such financial institution, affiliate, subsidiary, or service corporation any note, obligation, or security that the financial institution, affiliate, subsidiary, or service corporation does not own or that, to the party’s knowledge, is fraudulent or otherwise worthless or for the financial institution-affiliated party to represent to the office that any note, obligation, or security carried as an asset of such financial institution, affiliate, subsidiary, or service corporation is the property of the financial institution, affiliate, subsidiary, or service corporation and is genuine if it is known to such party that such representation is false or that the note, obligation, or security is fraudulent or otherwise worthless.

Any person who violates this subsection commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

(5) Any person who willfully makes a false statement or report, or willfully overvalues any land, property, or security, for the purposes of influencing in any way the action of a financial institution, affiliate, subsidiary, or service corporation or any other entity authorized by law to extend credit, upon an application, advance, discount, purchase, purchase agreement, repurchase agreement, commitment, or loan, or any change or extension of the same, by renewal, deferment of action or otherwise, or the acceptance, release, or substitution of security therefor, commits a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

(6) Any person who knowingly executes, or attempts to execute, a scheme or artifice to defraud a financial institution, affiliate, subsidiary, or service corporation or any other entity authorized by law to extend credit, or to obtain the moneys, funds, credits, assets, securities, or other property owned by, or under the custody or control of, a financial institution, affiliate, subsidiary, service corporation, or other entity authorized by law to extend credit, by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises, commits a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

History. — s. 14, ch. 92-303; s. 3, ch. 97-30; s. 521, ch. 97-102; s. 1707, ch. 2003-261; s. 6, ch. 2004-340; s. 89, ch. 2004-390; s. 3, ch. 2014-91.

655.033 Cease and desist orders.

(1) The office may issue and serve upon any state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation, or upon any financial institution-affiliated party, a complaint stating charges whenever the office has reason to believe that such state financial institution, subsidiary, service corporation, financial institution-affiliated party, or individual named therein is engaging in or has engaged in conduct that is:

(2) The complaint must contain the statement of facts and notice of opportunity for a hearing pursuant to ss. 120.569 and 120.57.

(3) If no hearing is requested within the time allowed by ss. 120.569 and 120.57, or if a hearing is held and the office finds that any of the charges are true, the office may enter an order directing the state financial institution, subsidiary, service corporation, financial institution-affiliated party, or the individual named therein to cease and desist from engaging in the conduct complained of and to take corrective action.

(4) If the state financial institution, subsidiary, service corporation, financial institution-affiliated party, or the individual named in such order fails to respond to the complaint within the time allotted in ss. 120.569 and 120.57, such failure constitutes a default and justifies the entry of a cease and desist order.

(5) A contested or default cease and desist order is effective when reduced to writing and served upon the state financial institution, subsidiary, service corporation, financial institution-affiliated party, or the individual named therein. An uncontested cease and desist order is effective as agreed.

(6) Whenever the office finds that conduct described in subsection (1) is likely to cause insolvency, substantial dissipation of assets or earnings of the state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation or substantial prejudice to the depositors, members, or shareholders, it may issue an emergency cease and desist order requiring the state financial institution, subsidiary, service corporation, or financial institution-affiliated party to immediately cease and desist from engaging in the conduct complained of and to take corrective action.

The emergency order is effective immediately upon service of a copy of the order upon the state financial institution, subsidiary, service corporation, or financial institution-affiliated party and remains effective for 90 days. If the office begins nonemergency cease and desist proceedings under subsection (1), the emergency order remains effective until the conclusion of the proceedings under ss. 120.569 and 120.57.

Any emergency order entered under this subsection is confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1) until the emergency order is made permanent, unless the office finds that such confidentiality will result in substantial risk of financial loss to the public.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 5, ch. 84-216; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 3, ch. 89-229; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 3, 15, ch. 92-303; s. 411, ch. 96-406; s. 290, ch. 96-410; s. 1708, ch. 2003-261.

655.034 Injunctions.

(1) If the office determines that a violation of the financial institutions codes or a violation of a formal enforcement action has occurred or is threatened or impending, the circuit court has jurisdiction to hear a complaint filed by the office and, upon proper showing, to issue an injunction restraining such violation or granting other appropriate relief.

Upon proper showing, the circuit court may also issue an injunction restraining any conduct or other act in order to protect the interests of depositors, members, creditors, or stockholders of a financial institution or the interests of the public in the safety and soundness of the financial institution system in this state and the proper conduct of fiduciary functions.

(2) As used in this section, the term “formal enforcement action” means:

History. — s. 1, ch. 82-214; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 16, ch. 92-303; s. 1709, ch. 2003-261; s. 4, ch. 2014-91.

655.035 Military lending.

History. — s. 4, ch. 2016-160.

655.037 Removal of a financial institution-affiliated party by the office.

(1) The office may issue and serve upon any financial institution-affiliated party and upon the financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation involved, a complaint stating charges if the office has reason to believe that the financial institution-affiliated party is engaging or has engaged in conduct that is:

(2) The complaint must contain the statement of facts and notice of opportunity for a hearing pursuant to ss. 120.569 and 120.57.

(3) If no hearing is requested within the time allowed by ss. 120.569 and 120.57, or if a hearing is held and the office finds that any of the charges in the complaint are true and that the state financial institution has suffered or will likely suffer loss or other damage or that the interests of the depositors, members, or shareholders could be seriously prejudiced by reason of such violation or practice or breach of fiduciary duty or that the financial institution-affiliated party has received financial gain by reason of such violation, practice, or breach of fiduciary duty, and that such violation, practice, or breach of fiduciary duty is one involving personal dishonesty on the part of such financial institution-affiliated party or a continuing disregard for the safety or soundness of the state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation, the office may enter an order removing the financial institution-affiliated party or restricting or prohibiting participation by such financial institution-affiliated party in the affairs of that particular state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation or any other state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation.

(4) If the financial institution-affiliated party fails to respond to the complaint within the time allowed in ss. 120.569 and 120.57, such failure constitutes a default and justifies the entry of an order of removal.

(5) A contested or default order of removal is effective when reduced to writing and served on the state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation and the financial institution-affiliated party. An uncontested order of removal is effective as agreed.

(6)(

a) The chief executive officer, or the person holding the equivalent office, of a state financial institution shall promptly notify the office if he or she has actual knowledge that any financial institution-affiliated party is charged with a felony in a state or federal court.

(7) Any financial institution-affiliated party removed from office pursuant to this

section is not eligible for reelection to such position or to any official position in any financial institution in this state except with the written consent of the office. Any financial institution-affiliated party who is removed, restricted, or prohibited from participation in the affairs of a state financial institution pursuant to this

section may petition the office for modification or termination of any such removal, restriction, or prohibition.

(8) The resignation, termination of employment or participation, or separation from a state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation of the financial institution-affiliated party does not affect the jurisdiction and authority of the office to issue any notice and proceed under this

section against such financial institution-affiliated party, if such notice is served before the end of the 6-year period beginning on the date such person ceases to be such a financial institution-affiliated party with respect to such state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 439, ch. 81-259; ss. 5, 6, ch. 84-216; s. 39, ch. 85-62; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 4, ch. 89-229; s. 1, ch. 90-51; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 17, ch. 92-303; s. 291, ch. 96-410; s. 1758, ch. 97-102; s. 1710, ch. 2003-261; s. 5, ch. 2014-91.

655.0385 Disapproval of directors and executive officers.

(1) Each state financial institution shall notify the office of the proposed appointment of any individual to the board of directors or the appointment or employment of any individual as an executive officer or equivalent position at least 60 days before such appointment or employment becomes effective, if the state financial institution:

(2) A state financial institution may not appoint any individual to the board of directors, or employ any individual as an executive officer or equivalent position, if the office issues a notice of disapproval with respect to that person.

(3) The office shall issue a notice of disapproval if the competence, experience, character, or integrity of the individual to be appointed or employed indicates that it is not in the best interests of the depositors, the members, or the public to permit the individual to be employed by or associated with the state financial institution.

(4) A director or executive officer of a state financial institution or affiliate may not concurrently serve as a director, or be employed as an officer, of a nonaffiliated financial institution or affiliate whose principal place of business is located in the same metropolitan statistical area in this state. A person affected by this prohibition may provide written notice to the office of the proposed appointment or employment.

Such notice may provide information that such concurrent service does not present a conflict of interest and that neither institution is competitively disadvantaged in the common market area. The office may waive this prohibition if the information provided demonstrates that the individual’s proposed concurrent service does not present a conflict of interest and neither institution is competitively disadvantaged in the common market area. A person who violates this subsection is subject to suspension, removal, or prohibition under s. 655.037.

(5) Beginning 1 year after opening, each notification of a proposed appointment of an individual to the board of directors must be accompanied by a nonrefundable fee of $35.

(6) The commission may adopt rules to implement this section.

History. — s. 18, ch. 92-303; s. 3, ch. 93-111; s. 1, ch. 99-138; s. 1711, ch. 2003-261; s. 7, ch. 2004-340; s. 90, ch. 2004-390; s. 6, ch. 2014-91.

655.03855 Provisional directors and executive officers.

(1) If a state financial institution has an insufficient number of directors to meet the minimum requirements of s. 657.021 or s. 658.33 for 30 days or longer, there are an insufficient number of executive officers, or the qualifications of the executive officers are insufficient to operate the financial institution in a safe and sound manner, the office may appoint one or more provisional directors or executive officers by order.

(2) A provisional director has all the rights and powers of a duly elected director, including the right to notice of and to vote at meetings of directors. A provisional executive officer has all the rights and powers provided in the financial institution’s articles of incorporation or bylaws, or as specified by the office in the appointment order. A provisional director or executive officer must be an impartial person and may not be a shareholder, member, or creditor of the financial institution or its affiliate.

Additional qualifications, if any, may be determined by the office consistent with the financial institutions codes. Provisional directors and executive officers shall serve until the provisional director’s or executive officer’s tenure is ended by order of the office.

(3) A provisional director or executive officer is not liable for any action taken or decision made, except as provided in the financial institutions codes and s. 607.0831. If directed by the office, provisional directors and executive officers must submit reports to the office as to the financial and operating condition of the financial institution and recommendations as to appropriate corrective actions to be taken by the institution.

(4) The office shall allow reasonable compensation, if applicable, to a provisional director or executive officer appointed under this

section for services rendered, and reimbursement or direct payment of all reasonable costs and expenses, which shall be paid by the financial institution. The office is not liable for any appointment, action, or decision made pursuant to this section.

History. — s. 3, ch. 2011-194.

655.0386 Transactions with financial institution-affiliated parties.

(1) CONFLICT OF INTEREST. —

(2) DISCLOSURE OF PERSONAL INTEREST. —

(3) SPECIFIED RESTRICTIONS. —

History. — s. 19, ch. 92-303; s. 53, ch. 95-211; s. 522, ch. 97-102; s. 1712, ch. 2003-261.

655.0391 Retention of supervision by office.

History. — s. 20, ch. 92-303; s. 1713, ch. 2003-261.

655.0392 Place of transacting business.

History. — s. 21, ch. 92-303.

655.041 Administrative fines; enforcement.

(1) The office may, by complaint, initiate a proceeding pursuant to

chapter 120 to impose an administrative fine against any person found to have violated a provision of the financial institutions codes or the rules adopted thereunder, an order of the office, or a written agreement with the office. Such proceeding may not be initiated until after such person has been notified in writing of the nature of the violation and afforded a reasonable period of time, as set forth in the notice, to correct the violation and has failed to do so. If the office provided such notice, a fine for a violation of an office order or written agreement begins to accrue immediately upon service of the complaint and continues to accrue until the violation is corrected.

(2) Such fine may not exceed $2,500 per day for each violation except as provided in this section.

(3) An administrative fine levied by the office may be enforced by the office in the circuit court of the county in which such person resides or in which the principal office of a state financial institution, affiliate, subsidiary, service corporation, or contracting service entity is located or does business in the state. In any administrative or judicial proceeding arising under this section, a party may elect to correct the violation asserted by the office and, upon doing so, any fine ceases to accrue; however, an election to correct the violation does not render an administrative or judicial proceeding moot.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 5, ch. 89-229; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 22, ch. 92-303; s. 1714, ch. 2003-261; s. 7, ch. 2014-91.

655.043 Articles of incorporation; amendments; approval.

History. — s. 7, ch. 84-216; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 2, ch. 85-82; s. 1, ch. 91-307; s. 1, ch. 92-303; s. 4, ch. 93-111; s. 2, ch. 2001-243; s. 1715, ch. 2003-261.

655.044 Accounting practices; bad debts ineligible to be carried as assets.

(1) Except as otherwise provided by law, a state financial institution shall observe United States generally accepted accounting principles. The commission may authorize exceptions to such accounting principles by rule.

(2) A state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation may not carry as an asset any note, obligation, or security which it does not own absolutely or which is known by the state financial institution to be fraudulent or otherwise worthless; and a state financial institution may not carry as an asset, in any report to the office or in any published report, any note or other obligation which is past due or upon which no interest has been paid for 1 year or longer or which has been determined by the office to be a loss.

However, past due paper may be carried to the extent of the reasonable value of any lien or other collateral given to secure such obligation; and, if the obligation is in the process of collection, it may be carried at its reasonable value as determined by the board of directors. The office may order the revision of any value so determined hereunder.

(3) A financial institution shall keep at its main office correct and complete books of accounts, membership or stockholder records, and minutes of the proceedings of members, stockholders, directors, and the executive committee. Complete records of all business transacted at the main office shall be maintained at the main office. Control records of all business transacted at each branch office shall be accessible to the main office. Accessibility may be provided by physical retention of records or by electronic or other means.

(4) Each branch office of a financial institution shall keep detailed records of all transactions at that office and shall furnish full control records to the main office. Records of such transactions may be furnished by electronic or other means.

(5) The fiscal year of a financial institution shall end on the last day of December.

History. — s. 8, ch. 84-216; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 23, ch. 92-303; s. 1716, ch. 2003-261; s. 3, ch. 2005-181; s. 4, ch. 2011-194.

655.045 Examinations, reports, and internal audits; penalty.

(1) The office shall conduct an examination of the condition of each state financial institution at least every 18 months. The office may conduct more frequent examinations based upon the risk profile of the financial institution, prior examination results, or significant changes in the institution or its operations. The office may use continuous, phase, or other flexible scheduling examination methods for very large or complex state financial institutions and financial institutions owned or controlled by a multi-financial institution holding company.

The office shall consider examination guidelines from federal regulatory agencies in order to facilitate, coordinate, and standardize examination processes.

(2) Each state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation shall submit a report, at least four times each calendar year, as of such dates as the commission or office determines. The report must include such information as the commission by rule requires for that type of institution.

(3) The board of directors of each state financial institution or, in the case of a credit union, the supervisory committee or audit committee shall perform or cause to be performed, within each calendar year, an internal audit of each state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation and file a copy of the report and findings of such audit with the office on a timely basis. The internal audit must include such information as the commission by rule requires for that type of institution.

(4) A copy of the report of each examination must be furnished to the state financial institution examined and presented to the board of directors at its next regular or special meeting. Each director shall review the report and acknowledge receipt of the report and such review by signing and dating the prescribed signature page of the report and returning a copy of the signed page to the office.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 2, ch. 82-214; s. 143, ch. 83-216; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 3, ch. 85-82; s. 2, ch. 90-197; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 24, ch. 92-303; s. 5, ch. 93-111; s. 4, ch. 97-30; s. 523, ch. 97-102; s. 1717, ch. 2003-261; s. 8, ch. 2004-340; s. 91, ch. 2004-390; s. 5, ch. 2011-194; s. 8, ch. 2014-91; s. 4, ch. 2022-178.

655.047 Assessments; financial institutions.

(1) Each state financial institution shall pay to the office a semiannual assessment based on the total assets as shown on the statement of condition of the financial institution on the last business day in December and the last business day in June of each year.

(2) If mailed, the semiannual assessment must be received by the office on or before January 31 and July 31 of each year. If transmitted through a wire transfer, an automated clearinghouse, or other electronic means approved by the office, the semiannual assessment must be transmitted to the office on or before January 31 and July 31 of each year. The office may levy a late payment penalty of up to $100 per day or part thereof that a semiannual assessment payment is overdue, unless it is excused for good cause. However, for intentional late payment of a semiannual assessment, the office shall levy an administrative fine of up to $1,000 a day for each day the semiannual assessment is overdue.

(3) The assessments required by this

section cover the 6-month period following the first day of the month in which they are due. The office may prorate the amount of the semiannual assessment; however, no portion of a semiannual assessment is refundable.

History. — s. 3, ch. 90-197; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 25, ch. 92-303; s. 1718, ch. 2003-261; s. 2, ch. 2015-64.

655.049 Deposit of fees and assessments.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 440, ch. 81-259; s. 23, ch. 83-339; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 26, ch. 92-303; s. 1719, ch. 2003-261.

655.057 Records; limited restrictions upon public access.

(1) Except as otherwise provided in this

section and except for such portions thereof which are otherwise public record, all records and information relating to an investigation by the office are confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1) and s. 24(a), Art. I of the State Constitution until such investigation is completed or ceases to be active. For purposes of this subsection, an investigation is considered “active” while such investigation is being conducted by the office with a reasonable, good faith belief that it may lead to the filing of administrative, civil, or criminal proceedings.

An investigation does not cease to be active if the office is proceeding with reasonable dispatch, and there is a good faith belief that action may be initiated by the office or other administrative or law enforcement agency. After an investigation is completed or ceases to be active, portions of the records relating to the investigation are confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1) and s. 24(a), Art. I of the State Constitution to the extent that disclosure would:

(2) Except as otherwise provided in this

section and except for such portions thereof which are public record, reports of examinations, operations, or condition, including working papers, or portions thereof, prepared by, or for the use of, the office or any state or federal agency responsible for the regulation or supervision of financial institutions in this state are confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1) and s. 24(a), Art. I of the State Constitution. However, such reports or papers or portions thereof may be released to:

(3) Except as otherwise provided in this

section and except for those portions that are otherwise public record, after an investigation relating to an informal enforcement action is completed or ceases to be active, informal enforcement actions are confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1) and s. 24(a), Art. I of the State Constitution to the extent that disclosure would:

(4) Except as otherwise provided in this

section and except for those portions that are otherwise public record, trade secrets as defined in s. 688.002 which comply with s. 655.0591 and which are held by the office in accordance with its statutory duties with respect to the financial institutions codes are confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1) and s. 24(a), Art. I of the State Constitution.

(5) This

section does not prevent or restrict:

(6)(

a) Orders of courts or of administrative law judges for the production of confidential records or information must provide for inspection in camera by the court or the administrative law judge. After the court or administrative law judge determines that the documents requested are relevant or would likely lead to the discovery of admissible evidence and that the information sought is not otherwise reasonably available from other sources, the documents shall be subject to further orders by the court or the administrative law judge to protect the confidentiality thereof.

An order directing the release of information is immediately reviewable, and a petition by the office for review of such order automatically stays further proceedings in the trial court or the administrative hearing until the disposition of such petition by the reviewing court. If any other party files such a petition for review, it operates as a stay of such proceedings only upon order of the reviewing court.

(7) Every credit union and mutual association shall maintain full and correct records of the names and residences of all the members of the credit union or mutual association in the principal office where its business is transacted. Such records are subject to inspection by all members of the credit union or mutual association, and the officers authorized to assess taxes under state authority, during normal business hours.

No member or any other person has the right to copy the membership records for any purpose other than in the course of business of the credit union or mutual association, as authorized by the office or the board of directors of the credit union or mutual association. A current list of members shall be made available to the office’s examiners for their inspection and, upon the request of the office, shall be submitted to the office. Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, the list of the members of the credit union or mutual association is confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1).

(8) Every bank, trust company, and stock association shall maintain, in the principal office where its business is transacted, full and complete records of the names and residences of all the shareholders of the bank, trust company, or stock association and the number of shares held by each. Such records are subject to the inspection of all the shareholders of the bank, trust company, or stock association, and the officers authorized to assess taxes under state authority, during normal business hours.

No shareholder or any other person has the right to copy the shareholder records for any purpose other than in the course of business of the bank, the trust company, or the stock association, as authorized by the office or the board of directors of the bank, the trust company, or the stock association. A current list of shareholders shall be made available to the office’s examiners for their inspection and, upon the request of the office, shall be submitted to the office.

Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, any portion of this list which reveals the identities of the shareholders is confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1).

(9) Materials supplied to the office or to employees of any financial institution by other state or federal governmental agencies remain the property of the submitting agency or the corporation, and any document request must be made to the appropriate agency. Any confidential documents supplied to the office or to employees of any financial institution by other state or federal governmental agencies are confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1) and s. 24(a), Art. I of the State Constitution. Such information shall be made public only with the consent of such agency or the corporation.

(10) Examination reports, investigatory records, applications, and related information compiled by the office, or photographic copies thereof, shall be retained by the office for at least 10 years.

(11) A copy of any document on file with the office which is certified by the office as being a true copy may be introduced in evidence as if it were the original. The commission shall establish a

schedule of fees for preparing true copies of documents.

(12) For purposes of this section, the term:

(13) A person who willfully discloses information made confidential by this

section commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 441, ch. 81-259; s. 9, ch. 84-216; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 4, ch. 85-82; s. 13, ch. 88-185; s. 6, ch. 89-229; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 3, 28, 216, ch. 92-303; s. 412, ch. 96-406; s. 292, ch. 96-410; s. 1720, ch. 2003-261; s. 4, ch. 2005-181; s. 9, ch. 2014-91; s. 1, ch. 2014-99; s. 1, ch. 2016-144; s. 5, ch. 2017-84; s. 1, ch. 2019-36; s. 3, ch. 2022-102.

655.059 Access to books and records; confidentiality; penalty for disclosure.

(1) The books and records of a financial institution are confidential and shall be made available for inspection and examination only:

(2)(

a) Each depositor, borrower, member, or stockholder has the right to inspect such books and records of a financial institution as pertain to her or his loans or accounts or the determination of her or his voting rights.

History. — ss. 7, 30, ch. 89-229; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 29, ch. 92-303; s. 524, ch. 97-102; s. 1, ch. 97-109; s. 4, ch. 2001-243; s. 1721, ch. 2003-261; s. 9, ch. 2004-340; s. 92, ch. 2004-390; s. 2, ch. 2017-83; s. 1, ch. 2020-110.

655.0591 Trade secret documents.

(1) If any person who is required to submit documents or other information to the office pursuant to the financial institutions codes, or by rule or order of the office or commission, claims that such submission contains a trade secret, such person may file with the office a notice of trade secret when the information is submitted to the office as provided in this section. Failure to file such notice constitutes a waiver of any claim by such person that the document or information is a trade secret. The notice must provide the contact information of the person claiming ownership of the trade secret.

The person claiming the trade secret is responsible for updating the contact information with the office.

(2) If the office receives a public records request for a document or information that is marked and certified as a trade secret, the office shall promptly notify the person that certified the document as a trade secret.

The notice shall be sent to the address provided with the most recent contact information provided to the office and must inform such person that, in order to avoid disclosure of the trade secret, the person must file an action in circuit court within 30 days after the date of the notice seeking a declaratory judgment that the document in question contains trade secrets and an order barring public disclosure of the document. The owner shall provide written notice to the office that the action was filed and the office may not release the documents pending the outcome of legal action.

Failure to file an action within 30 days constitutes a waiver of any claim of confidentiality, and the office shall release the document as requested.

(3) The office may disclose a trade secret, together with the claim that it is a trade secret, to an officer or employee of another governmental agency whose use of the trade secret is within the scope of his or her employment.

History. — s. 10, ch. 2014-91.

655.061 Competitive equality with federally organized or chartered financial institutions.

History. — s. 1, ch. 80-273; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch, 88-113; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 30, ch. 92-303; s. 1722, ch. 2003-261.

655.071 International banking facilities;

definitions; notice before establishment.

(1) “International banking facility” means a set of asset and liability accounts segregated on the books and records of a banking organization, as that term is defined in s. 201.23, that includes only international banking facility deposits, borrowings, and extensions of credit, as those terms shall be defined by the commission pursuant to subsection (2).

(2) The commission shall by rule define the terms “deposit,” “borrowing,” and “extension of credit” as they relate to the activities of international banking facilities. These

definitions shall take into account all transactions in which international banking facilities are permitted to engage by regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, as from time to time amended. When adopting such rules, the commission shall also consider the public interest, including the need to maintain a sound and competitive banking system, as well as the purpose of this act, which is to create an environment conducive to the conduct of an international banking business in the state.

(3) Before establishing an international banking facility, a state-chartered or state-licensed banking organization shall notify the office in the manner prescribed by rule of the commission.

History. — s. 7, ch. 81-179; s. 1, ch. 83-129; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; s. 1, ch. 92-303; s. 1723, ch. 2003-261; s. 25, ch. 2006-312.

655.41

Definitions.

(1) “Financial entity” means a financial institution whose principal office is in this state.

(2) “Capital stock financial institution” means a financial institution that is authorized to issue capital stock.

(3) “Mutual financial institution” means a financial institution that is not authorized to issue stock and the assets of which are owned by its members.

History. — s. 4, ch. 82-214; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 31, ch. 92-303; s. 5, ch. 97-30; s. 6, ch. 2011-194.

655.411 Conversion of charter.

(1) A financial entity may apply to the office for permission to convert its charter without changing its business form or to do business as another type of financial entity in accordance with the following procedures:

(2) The commission may provide by rule for any additional procedures to be followed by any national or federal financial entity seeking to convert its charter pursuant to this section.

(3) A mutual financial institution requesting approval to convert its charter may not be converted into a capital stock financial institution until it has complied with the requirements of s. 665.033(1) and (2). For this purpose, references in s. 665.033(1) and (2) to associations are deemed to refer also to credit unions; but, in the case of a credit union, the provision therein concerning proxy statements does not apply.

(4) This

section does not authorize a capital stock financial institution to convert to a mutual financial institution.

(5) Nothing in the law of this state shall restrict the right of a state financial institution to convert to a national or federal financial institution upon compliance with the laws of the United States, and, upon completion of such conversion, it shall surrender its charter as a state financial institution.

History. — s. 4, ch. 82-214; s. 144, ch. 83-216; s. 10, ch. 84-216; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 5, ch. 85-82; s. 2, ch. 90-51; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 32, ch. 92-303; s. 6, ch. 93-111; s. 5, ch. 2001-243; s. 1724, ch. 2003-261; s. 5, ch. 2005-181; s. 7, ch. 2011-194.

655.412 Merger and consolidation.

(1) With the approval of the office, any capital stock financial institution may be merged into or consolidated with another capital stock financial institution or a mutual financial institution. The provisions of ss. 658.41-658.45 govern any merger or consolidation pursuant to this subsection; and, for this purpose, references therein to banks and trust companies are deemed to refer to capital stock financial institutions.

(2) A mutual financial institution may not be merged into a capital stock financial institution until it has first converted into a capital stock financial institution in accordance with s. 665.033(1) and (2). For this purpose, references in s. 665.033(1) and (2) to associations are deemed to refer also to credit unions; but, in the case of a credit union, the provision therein concerning proxy statements does not apply.

(3) An application to merge or consolidate pursuant to this

section must be accompanied by a filing fee in accordance with s. 658.73.

History. — s. 4, ch. 82-214; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 33, ch. 92-303; s. 1725, ch. 2003-261.

655.414 Acquisition of assets; assumption of liabilities.

(1) CALCULATION OF ASSET OR LIABILITY PERCENTAGES. —

(2) ADOPTION OF A PLAN. —

(3) APPROVAL OF OFFICE. —

(4) VOTE OF MEMBERS OR STOCKHOLDERS. —

(5) ADOPTED PLAN; CERTIFICATE; ABANDONMENT. —

(6) FEDERALLY CHARTERED OR OUT-OF-STATE INSTITUTION AS A PARTICIPANT. —

(7) STOCK INSTITUTION ACQUIRING MUTUAL INSTITUTION. —

History. — s. 4, ch. 82-214; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 34, ch. 92-303; s. 6, ch. 97-30; s. 1726, ch. 2003-261; s. 8, ch. 2011-194; s. 5, ch. 2022-178.

655.416 Book value of assets.

History. — s. 4, ch. 82-214; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 35, ch. 92-303; s. 1727, ch. 2003-261; s. 9, ch. 2011-194.

655.417 Effect of merger, consolidation, conversion, or acquisition.

(1) CONTINUING ENTITY. —

(2) EFFECT ON JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS. —

(3) CREDITORS’ RIGHTS. —

(4) EXCEPTION. —

History. — s. 4, ch. 82-214; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 36, ch. 92-303; s. 525, ch. 97-102; s. 10, ch. 2011-194.

655.418 Nonconforming activities; cessation.

(1) PLAN FOR TERMINATION. —

(2) EFFECTIVE DATE. —

(3) COMPLIANCE WITH LENDING AND INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS. —

(4) DIVESTITURE. —

History. — s. 4, ch. 82-214; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 37, ch. 92-303; s. 1728, ch. 2003-261; s. 11, ch. 2011-194.

655.4185 Emergency action.

(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of the financial institutions codes or

chapter 120, if the office or the appropriate federal regulatory agency, or the appropriate home state regulatory agency for an out-of-state state financial institution, finds that immediate action is necessary to prevent the probable failure of one or more financial institutions; aid in the resolution of a receivership, conservatorship, or liquidation of a financial institution; or otherwise protect the depositors of a failing financial institution, the office may issue an emergency order authorizing:

(2) Any finding by the office must be based upon reports or other information furnished to it by the failing financial institution, by a state or federal financial institution examiner or regulatory entity, or upon other evidence from which it is reasonable to conclude that the failing institution is insolvent, is threatened with imminent insolvency, or lacks a board of directors or executive management that can operate the entity in a safe and sound manner.

The office may disallow intangible assets, deferred tax assets, loan or lease loss reserves, subordinated debt, and illegally obtained currency, monetary instruments, funds, or other financial resources from the capitalization requirements of the financial institutions codes. The stockholders of a failing institution that is acquired by another financial institution are entitled to the same procedural rights and compensation for the remaining value of their shares as is provided for dissenters in s. 658.44, except that they may not vote against the transaction. Any transaction authorized by this

section may be accomplished through the organization of a successor financial institution.

(3) The office may provide prior approval of business entities or individuals who, pursuant to this section, may charter a new state financial institution or acquire control of, purchase, merge with, or become directors and executive officers of, a failing financial institution. The application for prior approval must be in the form prescribed by the commission by rule and be accompanied by a nonrefundable filing fee of $7,500.

History. — s. 6, ch. 2005-181; s. 12, ch. 2011-194.

655.419 Effect.

History. — s. 4, ch. 82-214; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 38, ch. 92-303; s. 13, ch. 2011-194.

655.50 Florida Control of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing in Financial Institutions Act.

(1) This

section may be cited as the “Florida Control of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing in Financial Institutions Act.”

(2) The purpose of this

section is to require the submission to the office of certain reports and the maintenance of certain records of customers, accounts, and transactions involving currency or monetary instruments or suspicious activities if such reports and records deter using financial institutions to conceal, move, or provide proceeds obtained from or intended for criminal or terrorist activities and if such reports and records have a high degree of usefulness in criminal, tax, or regulatory investigations or proceedings.

(3) As used in this section, the term:

(4) A financial institution shall designate and retain a BSA/AML compliance officer. The board of directors of a financial institution must ensure that the designated compliance officer is properly qualified and has sufficient authority and resources to administer an effective BSA/AML compliance program. The board is ultimately responsible for establishing the institution’s BSA/AML policies and overall BSA/AML compliance. A change in the BSA/AML compliance officer must be reported to the office.

(5) A financial institution shall keep a record of each financial transaction occurring in this state known to it which involves currency or other monetary instrument, as the commission prescribes by rule, has a value greater than $10,000, and involves the proceeds of specified unlawful activity, or is designed to evade the reporting requirements of this section,

chapter 896, or similar state or federal law, or which the financial institution reasonably believes is suspicious activity. Each financial institution shall maintain appropriate procedures to ensure compliance with this section,

chapter 896, and other similar state or federal law. Any report of suspicious activity made pursuant to this subsection is entitled to the same confidentiality provided under 31 C.F.R. s. 1020.320, whether the report or information pertaining to or identifying the report is in the possession or control of the office or the reporting institution.

(6) Each financial institution shall maintain a record of each qualified business customer that is granted an exemption under 31 U.S.C. s. 5313, including any name, address, and taxpayer identification number of the exempt customer, as well as the name and address of the financial institution and the signature of the financial institution official designating the exempt customer. Such record of exemptions shall be made available to the office for inspection and copying and submitted to the office within 15 days after request.

(7) All reports and records filed with the office pursuant to this

section are confidential and exempt from s. 119.07(1). However, the office shall provide any report filed pursuant to this section, or information contained therein, to federal, state, and local law enforcement and prosecutorial agencies, and any federal or state agency responsible for the regulation or supervision of financial institutions.

(8) Each financial institution shall maintain:

(9) The office, in addition to any other power conferred upon it to enforce and administer this

chapter and the financial institutions codes, may:

(10)(

a) Except as provided in paragraph (b), a person who willfully violates this

section commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

(11) In any prosecution brought pursuant to this section, the common law corpus delicti rule does not apply. The defendant’s confession or admission is admissible during trial without the state having to prove the corpus delicti if the court finds in a hearing conducted outside the presence of the jury that the defendant’s confession or admission is trustworthy. Before the court admits the defendant’s confession or admission, the state must prove by a preponderance of the evidence that there is sufficient corroborating evidence that tends to establish the trustworthiness of the statement by the defendant.

Hearsay evidence is admissible during the presentation of evidence at the hearing. In making its determination, the court may consider all relevant corroborating evidence, including the defendant’s statements.

History. — s. 11, ch. 84-216; s. 1, ch. 85-65; s. 6, ch. 85-82; s. 1, ch. 87-192; s. 1, ch. 89-319; s. 73, ch. 91-282; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 3, 39, ch. 92-303; s. 80, ch. 94-209; s. 86, ch. 95-211; s. 8, ch. 96-252; s. 8, ch. 96-260; s. 413, ch. 96-406; s. 5, ch. 97-78; s. 14, ch. 2000-360; s. 13, ch. 2001-64; s. 6, ch. 2001-243; s. 1729, ch. 2003-261; s. 25, ch. 2004-335; s. 8, ch. 2004-391; s. 10, ch. 2005-209; s. 5, ch. 2006-168; s. 9, ch. 2013-2; s. 11, ch. 2014-91; s. 51, ch. 2016-105; s. 6, ch. 2022-178.

655.51 Employment information.

(1) It is not unlawful for any person to provide employment information to a financial institution or a financial institution regulatory agency, or to any person providing employment information to a financial institution or a financial institution regulatory agency, about an employee’s, or former employee’s, known or suspected involvement in a violation of any state or federal law, rule, or regulation which has been reported to state or federal authorities.

(2) A person is not civilly liable for providing such employment information unless the information provided is false and the person providing the information does so with reckless disregard for the truth.

History. — s. 1, ch. 89-36; s. 1, ch. 90-192; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 40, ch. 92-303.

655.55 Law applicable to deposits in and contracts relating to extensions of credit by a deposit or lending institution located in this state.

(1) The law of this state, excluding its law regarding comity and conflict of laws, governs all aspects, including without limitation the validity and effect, of any deposit account in a branch or office in this state of a deposit or lending institution, including a deposit account otherwise covered by s. 671.105(1), regardless of the citizenship, residence, location, or domicile of any other party to the contract or agreement governing such deposit account, and regardless of any provision of any law of the jurisdiction of the residence, location, or domicile of such other party, whether or not such deposit account bears any other relation to this state, except that this

section does not apply to any such deposit account:

(2) The law of this state, excluding its law regarding comity and conflict of laws, governs all aspects, including without limitation the validity and effect, of any contract relating to an extension of credit made by a branch or office in this state of a deposit or lending institution, including a contract otherwise covered by s. 671.105(1), if the contract expressly provides that it will be governed by the law of this state, regardless of the citizenship, residence, location, or domicile of any other party to such contract and regardless of any provision of any law of the jurisdiction of the residence, location, or domicile of such other party, whether or not such contract bears any other relation to this state, except that this

section does not apply to any such contract to the extent provided to the contrary in s. 671.105(2).

(3) As used in this section, the term:

(4) Notwithstanding any law that limits or affects the right of a person to maintain an action or proceeding, any person may, to the extent permitted under the United States Constitution, maintain an action or proceeding in this state against any person or other entity residing or located outside this state if the action or proceeding arises out of a deposit account or contract relating to an extension of credit which, pursuant to subsection (1) or subsection (2), is governed in whole or in part by the law of this state.

(5) This

section does not affect the law governing any transactions other than deposit accounts or contracts relating to extensions of credit specified herein, nor does this

section affect the jurisdiction of the courts of this state over any dispute arising under any transactions other than deposit accounts or contracts relating to extensions of credit specified herein.

(6) This

section applies to deposit accounts and contracts relating to extensions of credit entered into before, on, or after July 1, 1988. However, this

section does not apply to any deposit accounts existing on July 1, 1988, if either party to the contract or agreement governing the deposit account provides the other party with a written objection to the application of this

section within 6 months of July 1, 1988.

History. — s. 1, ch. 88-180; s. 1, ch. 89-296; s. 1, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 41, ch. 92-303.

655.56 Collection of fines, interest, or premiums on loans made by financial institutions.

(1) Loans secured by a first lien on real estate.

(2) Loans secured by savings accounts to the extent of the withdrawal value thereof.

(3) Loans secured by the pledge of those loans described in subsections (1) and (2) and by the pledge of investments of a type in which the financial institution is authorized to invest, provided the loans and investments so pledged shall be subject to all restrictions and requirements which would be applicable were the financial institution to invest directly in such loans or investments.

(4) Loans secured by a wrap-around mortgage, inferior to the first mortgage, in which the mortgagee is contractually obligated to make the payments required under the first mortgage.

History. — s. 42, ch. 92-303.

655.60 Appraisals.

(1) The office is authorized to cause appraisals to be made of real estate or other property held by a state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation or securing the assets of the state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation if specific facts or information with respect to real estate or other property held, secured loans, or lending, or when in its opinion the state financial institution’s policies, practices, operating results, and trends give evidence that the state financial institution’s appraisals or evaluations of ability to make payments may be excessive, that lending or investment may be of a marginal nature, that appraisal policies and loan practices may not conform with generally accepted and established professional standards, or that real estate or other property held by the state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation or assets secured by real estate or other property are overvalued.

In lieu of causing such appraisals to be made, the office may accept any appraisal caused to be made by an appropriate state or federal regulatory agency or other insuring agency or corporation of a state financial institution. Unless otherwise ordered by the office, an appraisal of real estate or other property pursuant to this

section must be made by a licensed or certified appraiser. A copy of the report of each appraisal caused to be made by the office pursuant to this

section shall be furnished to the state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation within a reasonable time, not exceeding 60 days, following the completion of the appraisal and may be furnished to the insuring agency or corporation or federal or state regulatory agency.

(2) A state financial institution may not make loans based on the security of real estate unless appraisal standards and policies have been previously established by the board of directors. Such standards must be in written form and include, without limitation, information required by rules of the commission.

(3) If any appraisal required pursuant to this

section discloses that any asset of a state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation is overvalued on its books, the office may require the state financial institution, subsidiary, or service corporation to charge off such asset or portion thereof pursuant to s. 655.044.

History. — s. 43, ch. 92-303; s. 1730, ch. 2003-261; s. 3, ch. 2015-64.

655.762 Sale of assets.

History. — s. 44, ch. 92-303; s. 1731, ch. 2003-261.

655.769

Definitions of terms used in ss. 655.77-655.91.

(1) “Check” includes a share draft of a credit union.

(2) “Deposit” includes a share of a credit union.

(3) “Depositor” includes a member of a credit union.

(4) “Institution” means any state or national bank, state or federal association, or state or federal credit union.

History. — s. 45, ch. 92-303.

655.77 Deposits by minors.

History. — s. 46, ch. 92-303; s. 526, ch. 97-102.

655.78 Deposit accounts in two or more names.

(1) Unless otherwise expressly provided in a contract, agreement, or signature card executed in connection with the opening or maintenance of an account, including a certificate of deposit, a deposit account in the names of two or more persons may be paid to, or on the order of, either or any of such persons or to, or on the order of, the guardian of the property of any such person who is incompetent, whether the other or others are competent. The check or other order for payment to any such person or guardian is a valid and sufficient release and discharge of the obligation of the institution for funds transferred thereby.

(2) In the case of a credit union, a member may designate any person or persons to hold deposits with the member in joint tenancy with the right of survivorship; but a joint tenant, unless he or she is a member in his or her own right, may not be permitted to vote, obtain a loan, or hold office or be required to pay an entrance or membership fee.

History. — s. 47, ch. 92-303; s. 527, ch. 97-102.

655.79 Deposits and accounts in two or more names; presumption as to vesting on death.

(1) Unless otherwise expressly provided in a contract, agreement, or signature card executed in connection with the opening or maintenance of an account, including a certificate of deposit, a deposit account in the names of two or more persons shall be presumed to have been intended by such persons to provide that, upon the death of any one of them, all rights, title, interest, and claim in, to, and in respect of such deposit account, less all proper setoffs and charges in favor of the institution, vest in the surviving person or persons.

Any deposit or account made in the name of two persons who are husband and wife shall be considered a tenancy by the entirety unless otherwise specified in writing.

(2) The presumption created in this

section may be overcome only by proof of fraud or undue influence or clear and convincing proof of a contrary intent.

In the absence of such proof, all rights, title, interest, and claims in, to, and in respect of such deposits and account and the additions thereto, and the obligation of the institution created thereby, less all proper setoffs and charges in favor of the institution against any one or more of such persons, upon the death of any such person, vest in the surviving person or persons, notwithstanding the absence of proof of any donative intent or delivery, possession, dominion, control, or acceptance on the part of any person and notwithstanding that the provisions hereof may constitute or cause a vesting or disposition of property or rights or interests therein, testamentary in nature, which, except for the provisions of this section, would or might otherwise be void or voidable.

(3) This

section does not abridge, impair, or affect the validity, effectiveness, or operation of any of the provisions of ss. 655.78 and 674.405 or the rights of institutions to make payments as therein provided.

History. — s. 48, ch. 92-303; s. 8, ch. 2008-75.

655.80 Convenience accounts.

(1) A convenience account is a deposit account, other than a certificate of deposit, in the name of one individual (principal), in which one or more other individuals have been designated as agents with the right to make deposits to and to withdraw funds from or draw checks on such account. The designation of agents, the substitution or removal of agents, or any other change in the contractual terms or provisions governing a convenience account may be made only by the principal. Except as otherwise provided in this section, the agency relationship created under this account is not affected by the subsequent death or incompetence of the principal.

(2) All rights, interests, and claims in, to, and in respect of, such deposits and convenience account and the additions thereto shall be those of the principal only.

(3) Any balance standing to the credit of a convenience account shall be paid to the guardian of the property of the principal, to any person designated in a court order entered pursuant to s. 735.206, to any person designated by letter or other writing as authorized by s. 735.301, or to the personal representative of the deceased principal’s estate, upon presentation of effective written notice and, if applicable, proof of judicial appointment of such guardian or personal representative by a court of competent jurisdiction.

No such court order or letter, written notice, or proof of judicial appointment is effective until it is served upon and received by an officer of the institution during regular banking hours and in such time and in such manner as to afford the institution a reasonable opportunity to act on it prior to the happening of any of the events described in s. 674.303. No other notice, knowledge, or other information shown to have been available to an institution affects its right to the protection provided by this section.

(4) Payment by an institution pursuant to this

section is a valid and sufficient release and discharge to the institution from all claims for payments so paid.

(5) Without qualifying any other right to setoff or lien, and subject to any contractual provision, if the principal is indebted to the institution, the institution has a right to setoff against the account.

History. — s. 49, ch. 92-303.

655.82 Pay-on-death accounts.

(1) As used in this section:

(2) A beneficiary in an account having a pay-on-death designation has no right to sums on deposit during the lifetime of any party.

(3) In an account with a pay-on-death designation:

(4) A pay-on-death designation in a multiple-party account without right of survivorship is ineffective. For purposes of this section, designation of an account as a tenancy in common establishes that the account is without right of survivorship.

(5) The ownership right of a surviving party or beneficiary, or of the decedent’s estate, in sums on deposit is subject to requests for payment made by a party before the party’s death, whether paid by the institution before or after death, or unpaid. The surviving party or beneficiary, or the decedent’s estate, is liable to the payee of an unpaid request for payment. The liability is limited to a proportionate share of the amount transferred under this section, to the extent necessary to discharge the request for payment.

(6) An institution, on request, may pay sums on deposit in an account with a pay-on-death designation to:

(7) Payment made pursuant to this

section discharges the institution from all claims for amounts so paid, whether or not the payment is consistent with the beneficial ownership of the account as between parties, beneficiaries, or their successors. Payment may be made whether or not a party or beneficiary is disabled, incapacitated, or deceased when payment is requested, received, or made.

(8) A beneficiary in an account at a credit union having a pay-on-death designation, unless the beneficiary is a member in her or his own right, may not be permitted to vote, obtain an extension of credit, or hold office or be required to pay an entrance or membership fee.

(9) The following is an example of the form of a contract of deposit that may be used to select a pay-on-death account for use by one or more parties:

History. — s. 1, ch. 94-216; s. 529, ch. 97-102; s. 21, ch. 2001-243.

655.825 Deposits in trust; applicability of s. 655.82 in place of former s. 655.81.

(1) Because deposits in trust are also accounts with a pay-on-death designation as described in s. 655.82, it is the intent of the Legislature that the provisions of s. 655.82 shall apply to and govern deposits in trust. References to former s. 655.81 in any depository agreement shall be interpreted after the effective date of this act as references to s. 655.82.

(2) This

section shall take effect July 1, 2001, and shall apply to deposits made to a depository account created after December 31, 1994.

History. — s. 3, ch. 2001-243; s. 101, ch. 2019-3.

655.83 Adverse claim to a deposit or fiduciary account.

(1) Procures a restraining order, injunction, or other appropriate process having specific application to the institution issued by a court of competent jurisdiction in a cause therein instituted by such claimant wherein the person to whose credit the deposit or fiduciary account stands is made a party and served with process; or

(2) Obtains in favor of the institution, in a form, amount, and with sureties acceptable to it, a bond indemnifying the institution from any and all liability (including liabilities for penalties), loss, damage, costs, and expenses should it act to give effect to the adverse claim, including the decision not to honor the check or other order of the person to whose credit the deposit or fiduciary account stands on the books of the institution.

Upon receipt of such bond, the institution shall hold the account pending agreement between the claimant and the person to whose credit the deposit or fiduciary account stands on the books of the institution or pending receipt of a restraining order, injunction, or other process pursuant to subsection (1).

History. — s. 51, ch. 92-303.

655.84 Limitations; statements as correct.

(1) Unless written objection thereto has been theretofore delivered by the depositor to the institution, a statement of account rendered by any institution in this state to a depositor, with a description of the amount and type (such as deposit, withdrawal, debit, credit, or any similar designation) of entries to such account, which description may be on accompanying documents or on the statement itself, shall, after the expiration of 2 years from the date rendered, be conclusively presumed to be correct; and the depositor is thereafter barred from questioning same.

(2) In the absence of a written contract between an institution and a depositor providing otherwise, the statement of account is deemed to have been rendered to the depositor within the meaning of this

section when prepared and lodged by the institution at its statement window or other customary place for delivery to the depositor. Any such statement of account which is not demanded by the depositor within 3 years may be destroyed by the institution without accountability or liability therefor to anyone.

(3) This

section does not relieve a depositor from any duty or obligation imposed by law or by contract heretofore or hereafter made to examine such statement of account and to report any disputed debits, credits, errors, or irregularities within a shorter period of time than mentioned in this section, or from the legal consequences of the depositor’s failure to perform any such duty or obligation.

History. — s. 52, ch. 92-303.

655.85 Settlement of checks.

History. — s. 53, ch. 92-303; s. 12, ch. 2014-91.

655.851 Unclaimed credit balances.

History. — s. 1, ch. 2007-142.

655.86 Issuance of postdated checks.

History. — s. 54, ch. 92-303.

655.89 Legal holidays; business days; business and transactions.

(1) In this section, the term:

(2) Any institution may, but unless otherwise required by law is not required to, be closed or be open only for limited transactions and functions or purposes on any legal holiday. When an institution is closed as provided or permitted by law, it is not under any obligation or duty to conduct any of its business or effectuate any transaction.

An institution is open only for limited transactions and functions or purposes when one or more, but fewer than all, of its branches, separate or other offices, departments, sections, or other functional elements of its business, which customarily are open to the public for carrying on the banking or trust business and transactions, are not open to the public for such purposes.

When, as provided or permitted by law, an institution is open only for limited transactions and functions or purposes, it is not under any obligation or duty to conduct or transact, at or from such of its branches, separate or other offices, departments, sections, or other functional elements of its business which are not open to the public for such purposes, any of the business or transactions customarily conducted or transacted therefrom or thereat.

(3) When any statutory holiday occurs on a Sunday or on a day when an institution customarily is closed, such institution may, but unless otherwise required by law is not required to, elect to be closed or to be open only for limited transactions and functions or purposes on the next preceding or the next following day which, except for the provisions of this section, would not be a legal holiday, and such day so elected is, with respect to such institution, a legal holiday as to all transactions and for all purposes and laws.

(4) Any legal holiday on which an institution is closed or is open only for limited transactions and functions or purposes may, if the institution elects, be deemed and treated with respect to all transactions and for all purposes and laws, including, but not limited to, the Uniform Commercial Code, as not a business day; and any notice, item, or deposit of money received on any such day may be treated as being received at the opening of the next business day, and any transaction or other business which would or should have occurred or been transacted on any such legal holiday may be treated as postponed by law to the next business day.

(5) An institution may establish the regular and customary hours of each day during which each of its branches, separate or other offices, departments, sections, or functional elements of its business will be operated for the transaction of the business customarily conducted or transacted at or from each such branch, office, department, section, or functional element of business, and the regular and customary hours during which each thereof will be open to the public for the conduct of such business and transactions, and it is not necessary that the same hours be established for all thereof or that the hours so established for any thereof be the same on every day.

(6) With prior written approval of the office, an institution may designate another day or other days on which the institution may be closed and which day or days will not be considered business days.

(7) An institution may, but unless otherwise required by law is not under or subject to any obligation or duty to, effectuate any transaction or transact any business on any legal holiday; at any time before the beginning, or after the close, of its business day; or outside the regular and customary hours established as provided in subsection (5) or subsection (6) of any separate or other office or branch or any department, section, or functional element of business.

If the institution elects to do so, it has all the rights provided by law with respect to such transaction or business, and, at its election, any such transactions or business shall be treated as having occurred or as having been transacted on that day or on its next following business day, except that any transaction or business occurring before the beginning of its regular business day shall be treated as occurring at the beginning of that business day.

(8) No liability or loss of rights of any kind on the part of any institution accrues or results by reason of any institution being closed or open only for limited functions or purposes, or by reason of any branch, separate or other office, department, section, or functional element of business being operated or open for the transaction of business only during the regular and customary hours established by the institution, as provided in this section.

History. — s. 55, ch. 92-303; s. 1732, ch. 2003-261.

655.90 Closing during emergencies and other special days.

(1) DEFINITIONS. —

(2) POWERS OF COMMISSIONER. —

(3) POWERS OF OFFICERS. —

(4) NOTICE TO BE GIVEN. —

(5) EFFECT OF CLOSING AND PARTIAL CLOSING. —

(6) PROVISIONS CUMULATIVE. —

History. — s. 56, ch. 92-303; s. 530, ch. 97-102; s. 31, ch. 99-155; s. 1733, ch. 2003-261.

655.91 Records of institutions and copies thereof; retention and destruction.

(1) In this section, “records” of an institution means and includes all books of account and other books of every kind, journals, ledgers, statements, instruments, documents, files, messages, writings of every kind, and other internal or other data and other information of every description, made or received by an institution in the regular course of its business or otherwise, regardless of the mode in which it is recorded.

(2) Institutions need not preserve or retain any of their records or copies thereof for a period longer than is expressly required by an applicable statute or rule or regulation of this state or the United States which identifies, either specifically or by type or category, the relevant records or copies thereof or, if there is no such statute or rule or regulation which specifies a retention period applicable to the records or copies thereof, for a period longer than 5 years. An institution may destroy any of its records or copies thereof after the expiration of the retention period determined as provided in this subsection.

(3) No liability shall accrue against any institution because of the destruction of any of its records or copies thereof as permitted by subsection (2), and in any judicial or other action or proceeding in which any such records or copies thereof may be called in question or be demanded of the institution or any officer or employee thereof, a showing that such records or copies thereof have been destroyed in accordance with the provisions of subsection (2) is a sufficient excuse for the failure to produce them.

(4) Any institution may at any time make, or cause to be made, a copy or copies of any or all of its records, and any such copy duly certified, authenticated, or identified by a responsible officer or agent of the institution under whose supervision the records or copies are kept shall, in all cases and in all courts and places, be admitted and received as evidence with a like force and effect as the original record, whether or not the original is in existence.

(5) The original of any record of an institution includes the data or other information comprising a record stored or transmitted in or by means of any electronic, computerized, mechanized, or other information storage or retrieval or transmission system or device which can upon request generate, regenerate, or transmit the precise data or other information comprising the record; and an original also includes the visible data or other information so generated, regenerated, or transmitted if it is legible or can be made legible by enlargement or other process.

(6) Copies of records of an institution, heretofore or hereafter made, include duplicates or counterparts of an original produced from the same impression or process as the original by carbon or other chemical or substance or process; negative and positive film and prints of an original or copy and reproductions and facsimiles of an original or copy, whether or not the same size, produced by photographic, microphotographic, photostatic, xerographic, electronic, computerized, or mechanized process, or by any other process, and enlargements and reductions thereof; and the data or other information comprising a record stored or transmitted as provided in subsection (5), and the visible data or other information generated or regenerated or transmitted by such information storage or retrieval or transmission system or device, if it is legible or can be made legible by enlargement or other process.

History. — s. 57, ch. 92-303.

655.921 Transaction of business by out-of-state financial institutions; exempt transactions.

(1) The financial institutions codes do not prohibit a financial institution or business trust that has its principal place of business outside this state and that does not operate branches in this state from:

(2) A financial institution or business trust may not be deemed to be transacting business in this state, or be required to qualify to do so, solely by reason of the performance of any of the acts or business authorized in this section.

History. — s. 58, ch. 92-303; s. 10, ch. 2004-340; s. 93, ch. 2004-390; s. 14, ch. 2014-91.

655.922 Banking business by unauthorized persons; use of name.

(1) Only a financial institution authorized to do business in this state pursuant to the financial institutions codes of any state or federal law may engage in the business of soliciting or receiving funds for deposit, issuing certificates of deposit, or paying checks in this state; and only such financial institution may establish or maintain a place of business in this state for any of the functions, transactions, or purposes identified in this subsection. A person who violates this subsection commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

This subsection does not prohibit the issuance or sale by a financial institution of traveler’s checks, money orders, or other instruments for the transmission or payment of money, by or through employees or agents of the financial institution off the financial institution’s premises.

(2) Only a financial institution authorized to do business in this state as provided under subsection (1) may:

(3) A person may not use the name, trademark, service mark, trade name, Internet address, or logo of a financial institution or an affiliate or subsidiary thereof, or use a name similar to that of a financial institution or an affiliate or subsidiary thereof, to market or solicit business from a customer or prospective customer of such institution if:

(4) A financial institution, affiliate, subsidiary, or service corporation may not do business, solicit, or advertise in this state using a name, trademark, service mark, trade name, Internet address, or logo that may mislead consumers or cause confusion as to the identification of the proper legal business entity or the nature of the financial institution’s business.

(5) Any court, in a proceeding brought by the office, by a financial institution the principal place of business of which is in this state, or by any other person residing or whose principal place of business is in this state and whose interests are substantially affected thereby, may enjoin any person from violating any provision of this section. Except for a financial institution duly chartered by the office, the office may also seek an order from the circuit court for the annulment or dissolution of a corporation or any other business entity found violating any provision of this section.

For the purposes of this subsection, the interests of a trade organization or association are deemed to be substantially affected if the interests of its members are so affected. The office may also issue and serve upon any person who violates any provision of this

section an emergency cease and desist order or a complaint seeking a cease and desist order in accordance with s. 655.033. The office is not required to make any finding or determination that a violation of this

section is likely to result in insolvency, substantial dissipation of assets or earnings, or substantial prejudice to any person in association with the issuance of an emergency cease and desist order.

(6) This

section does not prohibit the lawful establishment or operation of a financial institution, affiliate, subsidiary, or service corporation or prohibit any advertisement or other activity in this state by any person if such prohibition would contravene any applicable federal law that preempts the law of this state.

History. — s. 59, ch. 92-303; s. 12, ch. 96-168; s. 1734, ch. 2003-261; s. 11, ch. 2004-340; s. 94, ch. 2004-390; s. 101, ch. 2013-18; s. 15, ch. 2014-91.

655.93

Definitions for ss. 655.93-655.94.

(1) “Lessee” means a person who contracts with a lessor for the use of a safe-deposit box.

(2) “Lessor” means a financial institution that rents safe-deposit facilities.

(3) “Safe-deposit box” means a safe-deposit box, vault, or other safe-deposit receptacle maintained by a lessor, and the rules relating thereto apply to property or documents kept in safekeeping in the financial institution’s vault.

History. — s. 60, ch. 92-303.

655.931 Authority to engage in safe-deposit business.

History. — s. 61, ch. 92-303.

655.932 Lease to minor.

History. — s. 62, ch. 92-303.

655.933 Access by fiduciaries.

(1) By any one or more of the persons acting as personal representatives.

(2) By any one or more of the persons otherwise acting as fiduciaries if authorized in writing, which writing is signed by all other persons so acting.

(3) By any agent authorized in writing, which writing is signed by all persons acting as fiduciaries.

History. — s. 63, ch. 92-303.

655.934 Effect of lessee’s death or incapacity.

History. — s. 64, ch. 92-303; s. 1, ch. 2010-132.

655.935 Search procedure on death of lessee.

(1) If requested by such person, the lessor shall remove and deliver only:

(2) The officer of the lessor shall make a complete copy of any document removed and delivered pursuant to this

section and place that copy, together with a memorandum of delivery identifying the name of the officer, the person to whom the document was delivered, the purported relationship of the person to whom the document was delivered, and the date of delivery, in the safe-deposit box leased or coleased by the decedent.

(3) The lessor may charge reasonable fees to cover costs incurred pursuant to this section.

(4) Access granted pursuant to this

section is not considered the initial opening of the safe-deposit box pursuant to s. 733.6065.

History. — s. 65, ch. 92-303; s. 1, ch. 2006-134; s. 67, ch. 2006-213; s. 2, ch. 2010-132.

655.936 Delivery of safe-deposit box contents or property held in safekeeping to personal representative.

(1) Subject to the provisions of subsection (3), the lessor shall immediately deliver to a personal representative appointed by a court in this state, upon presentation of a certified copy of his or her letters of authority, all property deposited with it by the decedent for safekeeping, and shall grant the personal representative access to any safe-deposit box in the decedent’s name and permit him or her to remove from such box any part or all of the contents thereof.

(2) If a personal representative of a deceased lessee has been appointed by a court of any other state, a lessor may, at its discretion, after 3 months from the issuance to such personal representative of his or her letters of authority, deliver to such personal representative all properties deposited with it for safekeeping and the contents of any safe-deposit box in the name of the decedent if at such time the lessor has not received written notice of the appointment of a personal representative in this state, and such delivery is a valid discharge of the lessor for all property or contents so delivered.

A personal representative appointed by a court of any other state shall furnish the lessor with an affidavit setting forth facts showing the domicile of the deceased lessee to be other than this state and stating that there are no unpaid creditors of the deceased lessee in this state, together with a certified copy of his or her letters of authority. A lessor making delivery pursuant to this subsection shall maintain in its files a receipt executed by such personal representative which itemizes in detail all property so delivered.

(3) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (1), after the death of a lessee of a safe-deposit box, the lessor shall permit the initial opening of the safe-deposit box and the removal of the contents of the safe-deposit box in accordance with s. 733.6065.

(4) A lessor is not liable for damages or penalty by reason of any delivery made pursuant to this section.

History. — s. 66, ch. 92-303; s. 531, ch. 97-102; s. 12, ch. 97-240; s. 3, ch. 2001-226; s. 2, ch. 2006-134; s. 68, ch. 2006-213.

655.937 Access to safe-deposit boxes leased in two or more names.

(1) Unless specifically provided in the lease or rental agreement to the contrary, 1 if a safe-deposit box is rented or leased in the names of two or more lessees, access to the safe-deposit box will be granted to:

(2) In all cases described in subsection (1), the signature on the safe-deposit entry or access record, or the receipt or acquittance, in the case of property or documents otherwise held for safekeeping, is a valid and sufficient release and discharge to the lessor for granting access to such safe-deposit box or for the delivery of such property or documents otherwise held for safekeeping.

(3) A lessor may not be held liable for damages or penalty by reason of any access granted or delivery made pursuant to this section.

(4) The right of access by a colessee is separate from the rights and responsibilities of other persons who may be granted access to a safe-deposit box after the death or incapacity of another colessee, and such right of access is not subject to the provisions of s. 655.935, s. 733.6065, or other requirements imposed upon personal representatives, guardians, or other fiduciaries.

(5) After the death of a colessee, the surviving colessee or any other person who is granted access to the safe-deposit box pursuant to this

section may make a written inventory of the box, which must be conducted by the person making the request in the presence of one other person as specified in this subsection. Each person present shall verify the contents of the box by signing a copy of the inventory under penalty of perjury.

History. — s. 67, ch. 92-303; s. 3, ch. 2006-134; s. 69, ch. 2006-213.

655.938 Adverse claims to contents of safe-deposit box.

(1) An adverse claim to the contents of a safe-deposit box, or to property held in safekeeping, is not sufficient to require the lessor to deny access to its lessee unless:

(2) A claim is also an adverse claim if one of several lessees claims, contrary to the terms of the lease, an exclusive right of access, or if one or more persons claim a right of access as agents or officers of a lessee to the exclusion of others as agents or officers, or if it is claimed that a lessee is the same person as one using another name.

History. — s. 68, ch. 92-303.

655.939 Limiting right of access for failure to comply with security procedures.

History. — s. 69, ch. 92-303.

655.94 Special remedies for nonpayment of rent.

(1) If the rental due on a safe-deposit box has not been paid for 3 months, the lessor may send a notice by certified mail to the last known address of the lessee stating that the safe-deposit box will be opened and its contents stored at the expense of the lessee unless payment of the rental is made within 30 days. If the rental is not paid within 30 days from the mailing of the notice, the box may be opened in the presence of an officer of the lessor and of a notary public.

The contents shall be sealed in a package by a notary public who shall write on the outside the name of the lessee and the date of the opening. The notary public shall execute a certificate reciting the name of the lessee, the date of the opening of the box, and a list of its contents. The certificate shall be included in the package, and a copy of the certificate shall be sent by certified mail to the last known address of the lessee. The package shall then be placed in the general vaults of the lessor at a rental not exceeding the rental previously charged for the box.

The lessor has a lien on the package and its contents to the extent of any rental due and owing plus the actual, reasonable costs of removing the contents from the safe-deposit box.

(2) If the contents of the safe-deposit box have not been claimed within 1 year after the mailing of the certificate, the lessor may send a further notice to the last known address of the lessee stating that, unless the accumulated charges are paid within 30 days, the contents of the box will be sold at public auction at a specified time and place or, in the case of securities listed on a stock exchange, will be sold upon the exchange on or after a specified date and unsalable items will be destroyed.

The time, place, and manner of sale shall also be posted conspicuously on the premises of the lessor and advertised once in a newspaper of general circulation in the community. If the articles are not claimed, they may then be sold in accordance with the notice.

The balance of the proceeds, after deducting accumulated charges, including the expenses of advertising and conducting the sale, shall be deposited to the credit of the lessee in any account maintained by the lessee, or, if none, shall be deemed a deposit account with the financial institution operating the safe-deposit facility, and shall be identified on the books of the financial institution as arising from the sale of contents of a safe-deposit box.

(3) Any documents or writings of a private nature, and having little or no apparent value, need not be offered for sale, but shall be retained, unless claimed by the owner, for the period specified for unclaimed contents, after which they may be destroyed.

History. — s. 70, ch. 92-303; s. 12, ch. 2004-340; s. 95, ch. 2004-390.

655.942 Standards of conduct; institutions.

(1) A financial institution that is licensed or authorized to do business pursuant to the financial institutions codes, or its officers, directors, or employees may not make or grant any loan or gratuity to any employee of the office who has authority to examine or otherwise supervise such financial institution.

(2) A financial institution which violates this

section shall be subject to penalties as provided in s. 655.041.

History. — s. 71, ch. 92-303; s. 32, ch. 99-155; s. 1735, ch. 2003-261.

655.943 Applications; verification.

History. — s. 72, ch. 92-303; s. 1736, ch. 2003-261.

655.946 Single interest insurance placed by financial institutions.

(1) If a financial institution purchases, or causes to be issued, insurance coverage to protect its security interest in a loan or indebtedness, and pursuant to contract or other agreement the borrower is responsible for payment of the premium, the financial institution must notify the borrower within 30 days after such purchase or issuance, in writing sent by first-class mail, of the following:

(2) This

section does not apply to single interest insurance policies which provide coverage for property which is in transit or for conversion, embezzlement, or secretion by the borrower.

History. — s. 73, ch. 92-303.

655.947 Debt cancellation products.

(1) Debt cancellation products may be offered, and a fee may be charged, by financial institutions and subsidiaries of financial institutions subject to this

section and the rules and orders of the commission or office. As used in this section, the term “financial institutions” includes those defined in s. 655.005, insured depository institutions as defined in 12 U.S.C. s. 1813, and subsidiaries of such institutions.

(2) A financial institution shall manage the risks associated with debt cancellation products in accordance with prudent safety and soundness principles. A financial institution shall establish and maintain effective risk management and control processes over its debt cancellation products and programs. Such processes shall include appropriate recognition and financial reporting of income, expenses, assets, and liabilities and appropriate treatment of all expected and unexpected losses associated with the products.

Each financial institution shall also assess the adequacy of its internal control and risk mitigation activities in view of the nature and scope of its debt cancellation products and programs.

(3) The commission shall adopt rules pursuant to ss. 120.536(1) and 120.54 to administer this section, which rules must be consistent with 12 C.F.R.

part 37, as amended.

(4) For the purposes of this

section and any rules adopted pursuant to this section, a periodic payment option is not required to be offered for any debt cancellation product designed to protect a customer against a deficiency between the outstanding loan or lease amount and the value of the motor vehicle that is used as collateral for the loan or lease.

History. — s. 10, ch. 2008-75; s. 14, ch. 2011-194.

655.948 Significant events; notice required.

(1) Unless exempted by the office pursuant to subsection (4), every financial institution shall notify the office of the occurrence of any of the events listed in subsection (2) by filing with the office a disclosure in a form to be specified by the commission. The form shall include the number and caption of all applicable events, along with a

summary of each. Completed forms shall be certified for authenticity and accuracy by the chief executive officer of the financial institution.

(2) Events for which disclosure forms must be filed and the filing

schedule for each are as follows:

(3) A financial institution which fails to file a disclosure form within 30 days after the occurrence shall be subject to the fines provided in s. 655.041.

(4) The office shall exempt a financial institution from any of the provisions of this

section if the office determines that such financial institution is operating in a safe and sound manner pursuant to commission rules relating to safe and sound operations. The commission shall adopt rules defining the term “safe and sound” and explicitly stating the criteria that constitute operating in a safe and sound manner. Notwithstanding this subsection:

History. — s. 218, ch. 92-303; s. 7, ch. 93-111; s. 532, ch. 97-102; s. 2, ch. 99-138; s. 1737, ch. 2003-261; s. 128, ch. 2005-2; s. 16, ch. 2014-91.

655.949 Personnel; qualifications.

History. — s. 74, ch. 92-303; s. 1738, ch. 2003-261.

655.954 Financial institution loans; credit cards.

(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a financial institution shall have the power to make loans or extensions of credit to any person on a credit card or overdraft financing arrangement and to charge, in any billing cycle, interest on the outstanding amount at a rate that is specified in a written agreement, between the financial institution and borrower, governing the credit card account.

Such credit card agreement may modify any terms or conditions of such credit card account upon prior written notice of such modification as specified by the terms of the agreement governing the credit card account or by the Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C. ss. 1601 et seq., as amended, and the rules and regulations adopted under such act.

Any such notice provided by a financial institution shall specify that the borrower has the right to surrender the credit card whereupon the borrower shall have the right to continue to pay off the borrower’s credit card account in the same manner and under the same terms and conditions as then in effect. The borrower’s failure to surrender the credit card prior to the modifications becoming effective shall constitute a consent to the modifications.

(2) In conjunction with entering into any contract or agreement for a loan, line of credit, or loan extension, a financial institution, insured depository institution as defined in 12 U.S.C. s. 1813, and subsidiaries of such institutions may offer, for a fee or otherwise, optional debt cancellation products pursuant to s. 655.947 and rules adopted under that section. The financial institution may not require the purchase of a debt cancellation product as a condition for making the loan, line of credit, or loan extension.

(3) For the purpose of this section, the term:

History. — s. 1, ch. 69-339; s. 3, ch. 76-168; s. 1, ch. 77-457; ss. 10, 15, ch. 79-274; s. 1, ch. 79-592; ss. 40, 151, 152, ch. 80-260; ss. 2, 3, ch. 81-318; s. 1, ch. 88-58; ss. 1, 4, ch. 91-307; ss. 1, 212, ch. 92-303; s. 11, ch. 2008-75.

655.955 Liability of financial institution to third parties.

History. — s. 17, ch. 2014-91.

655.960

Definitions; ss. 655.960-655.965.

(1) “Access area” means any paved walkway or sidewalk which is within 50 feet of any automated teller machine. The term does not include any street or highway open to the use of the public, as defined in s. 316.003(87)(

a) or (b), including any adjacent sidewalk, as defined in s. 316.003.

(2) “Access device” has the same meaning as set forth in Federal Reserve Board Regulation E, 12 C.F.R.

part 205, promulgated pursuant to the Electronic Fund Transfer Act, 15 U.S.C. ss. 1601 et seq.

(3) “Automated teller machine” means any electronic information processing device located in this state which accepts or dispenses cash in connection with a credit, deposit, checking, or convenience account. The term does not include devices used solely to facilitate check guarantees or check authorizations or which are used in connection with the acceptance or dispensing of cash on a person-to-person basis, such as by a store cashier.

(4) “Candlefoot power” means the light intensity of candles on a horizontal plane at 36 inches above ground level and 5 feet in front of the area to be measured.

(5) “Control,” with respect to an access area or defined parking area, means to have the present legal authority to determine how, when, and by whom such area is to be used, and how such area is to be maintained, lighted, and landscaped. If an operator leases an access area or defined parking area as lessee, such lessee shall not be considered to have control for the purposes of ss. 655.960-655.965.

(6) “Customer” means a natural person to whom an access device has been issued for personal, family, or household use.

(7) “Defined parking area” means that portion of any parking area open for customer parking which is contiguous to an access area with respect to an automated teller machine, is regularly, principally, and lawfully used for parking by users of the automated teller machine while conducting automated teller machine transactions during the hours of darkness, and is owned or leased by the operator of the automated teller machine or owned or controlled by the party leasing the automated teller machine site to the operator.

The term does not include any parking area which is not open or regularly used for parking by users of the automated teller machine who are conducting automated teller machine transactions during the hours of darkness. A parking area is not open if it is physically closed to access or if conspicuous signs indicate that it is closed.

If a multiple level parking area satisfies the conditions of this subsection and would therefore otherwise be a defined parking area, only the single parking level deemed by the operator of the automated teller machine to be the most directly accessible to the users of the automated teller machine shall be considered a parking area.

(8) “Financial institution office” means a main office or principal office, as defined in s. 655.005, and a branch or branch office as defined in s. 658.12(4).

(9) “Hours of darkness” means the period that commences 30 minutes after sunset and ends 30 minutes before sunrise.

(10) “Operator” means any financial institution, as defined in s. 655.005, other business entity, or any person who controls the use or operation by a customer or other member of the general public of an automated teller machine. An operator controls the use or operation of an automated teller machine for the purposes of ss. 655.960-655.965 if such person or entity has the present legal authority to determine when and by whom the automated teller machine may be used or operated and how it is to be maintained in compliance with the provisions of ss. 655.960-655.965.

An operator does not include any person or entity which is not a financial institution, if the primary function of such person or entity is to provide data processing services for automated teller machine transactions or to provide for the exchange, transfer, or dissemination of electronic funds transfer data.

(11) Terms which are defined in the financial institution codes, unless the context otherwise requires, have the meanings ascribed to them therein for purposes of ss. 655.960-655.965.

History. — s. 1, ch. 94-343; s. 8, ch. 2015-64; s. 80, ch. 2016-239; s. 44, ch. 2017-3; s. 14, ch. 2017-150; s. 15, ch. 2018-130; s. 17, ch. 2019-101; s. 6, ch. 2019-109; s. 18, ch. 2020-69; s. 9, ch. 2021-180; s. 6, ch. 2021-233.

655.961 Violation of specified provisions not negligence per se.

History. — s. 1, ch. 94-343; s. 84, ch. 2000-158.

655.962 Lighting; mirrors; landscaping.

(1) Each operator, or other person responsible for an automated teller machine pursuant to ss. 655.960-655.965, shall provide lighting during the hours of darkness with respect to an open and operating automated teller machine and any defined parking area, access area, and the exterior of an enclosed automated teller machine installation, as follows:

(2) The operator shall provide reflective mirrors or surfaces at each automated teller machine which provide the customer with a rear view while the customer is engaged in using the automated teller machine.

(3) The operator, or other person responsible pursuant to ss. 655.960-655.965 for an automated teller machine, shall ensure that the height of any landscaping, vegetation, or other physical obstructions in the area required to be lighted pursuant to subsection (1) for any open and operating automated teller machine shall not exceed 3 feet, except that trees trimmed to a height of 10 feet and whose diameters are less than 2 feet and manmade physical obstructions required by statute, law, code, ordinance, or other governmental regulation shall not be affected by this subsection.

History. — s. 1, ch. 94-343; s. 85, ch. 2000-158; s. 14, ch. 2001-64.

655.963 Access devices.

History. — s. 1, ch. 94-343; s. 1739, ch. 2003-261.

655.964 Application.

(1) The provisions of ss. 655.961 and 655.962 do not apply to any automated teller machine which is:

(2) The provisions of ss. 655.960-655.965 shall not be construed to create any duty, responsibility, or obligation for any person or entity whose primary function is to provide for the exchange, transfer, or dissemination of electronic funds transfer data and is not otherwise a financial institution, as defined in s. 655.005, or an operator.

History. — s. 1, ch. 94-343.

655.965 Preemption; prohibition.

History. — s. 1, ch. 94-343.

655.966 Automated teller machine; surcharge disclosure.

(1) The operator or owner of an automated teller machine in this state may charge an access fee or surcharge to a customer for the use of that machine. The fee or surcharge must be disclosed in compliance with 12 C.F.R.

part 205, as amended.

(2)(

a) Subject to the requirements of subsection (1), an agreement to operate or share an automated teller machine may not prohibit, limit, or restrict the right of the operator or owner of an automated teller machine, as defined in s. 655.960(3), to charge an access fee or surcharge, not otherwise prohibited under state or federal law, to a customer conducting a transaction using an account from an international banking corporation as defined in s. 663.01(6).

History. — s. 1, ch. 2006-216; s. 1, ch. 2008-166.

655.967 State-funded endowments.

History. — s. 9, ch. 2008-75.

655.968 Financial institutions; transactions relating to Iran or terrorism.

(1) As used in this section, the term:

(2) A financial institution chartered in this state which maintains a correspondent account or a payable-through account with a foreign financial institution must establish due diligence policies, procedures, and controls reasonably designed to detect whether the United States Secretary of the Treasury has found that the foreign financial institution knowingly:

(3) By July 1, 2012, the Financial Services Commission shall adopt rules establishing minimum standards for due diligence policies, procedures, and controls required by this section.

(4) By January 1, 2013, and each January 1 thereafter, each financial institution chartered in this state must certify to the Office of Financial Regulation that the financial institution has adopted and substantially complies with the due diligence policies, procedures, and controls required by this

section and the rules adopted under this section, and that to the best knowledge of the financial institution, the financial institution does not maintain a correspondent account or a payable-through account with a foreign financial institution that knowingly engages in any act described in subsection (2).

(5) By January 31, 2013, and each January 31 thereafter, the Office of Financial Regulation must submit a report to the Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives which contains a copy of the rules required under subsection (3) and the status of the certifications of compliance received from the financial institutions chartered in this state.

(6) The Office of Financial Regulation shall make its annual compliance report under this

section available on its website.

(7) The Office of Financial Regulation may impose an administrative fine, not to exceed $100,000 per occurrence, against a financial institution that fails to make the annual certification required under subsection (4).

History. — s. 1, ch. 2012-201.