THOMAS M. ISRAEL v. BALTIMORE AND ANNAPOLIS RAILROAD COMPANY, CAROLINA COACH COMPANY, and RONALD MICHAEL TEMPLE, SR., 262 N.C. 83

HiggiNS, J. The plaintiff instituted this civil action to recover personal injury and property damages proximately resulting from a motor vehicle collision between the plaintiff’s automobile and trailer, and a 1961 GMC bus owned by the defendant Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad Company and driven by its employee, the defendant Ronald Michael Temple, Sr. The collision occurred at 9:20 A.M. on January 2, 1962, on U. S. Highway 29 near Reidsville, North Carolina, as the vehicles were proceeding southward. The bus collided with the rear of the trailer, resulting in plaintiff’s injury and property damage.

The plaintiff alleged: “6. At the time herein complained of defendants Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad Company and Carolina Coach Company, by agreement, were engaged in a joint enterprise for the transportation of passengers for hire. . . . “9. At all times herein complained of defendant Ronald Michael Temple, Sr., was the agent and employee of defendant Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad Company, and was acting within the course and scope of his employment; and he received compensation in connection therewith from said defendant Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad Company. “10.

At all times herein complained of defendant Ronald Michael Temple, Sr., was the agent and employee of defendant Carolina Coach Company, and acting within the course and scope of such employment.” The plaintiff served process on Carolina Coach Company, a Virginia corporation, and on Ronald Michael Temple, Sr., a resident of Maryland. Both filed joint answers admitting allegation 9, but denying allegations 6 and 10. The plaintiff attempted to bring defendant Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad Company into court under G.S. 1-105, by service on the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles.

The Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad Company entered a special appearance and moved to quash the service and dismiss the action on the ground the movant, though the owner of the bus, had leased it to the defendant Carolina Coach Company to be operated solely by the Carolina Coach Company under its exclusive direction, control, and supervision, and under its Interstate Commerce Commission franchise rights.

The Carolina Coach Company, while denying liability, conditionally alleged a cross action against the Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad Company, on the ground the Railroad’s liability is primary and the Coach Company’s liability, if any, is secondary. The court heard the motion to quash upon affidavits and pleadings which disclosed the following: The Railroad Company leased its GMC bus, No. 1404, for a charter trip transporting 49 soldiers from Baltimore, Maryland, to Camp Jackson, South Carolina.

The oral lease provided that the operator should pay the owner 55^ per mile while carrying soldiers and 40(é per mile while returning empty. The movant paid the driver, Temple, who expected to be relieved at Washington. For an undisclosed reason another driver was not provided. Temple testified that when he arrived with the leased bus at Washington, he was instructed by Safeway Bus Company’s dispatcher to proceed to Danville, Virginia, where a Virginia Trailways dispatcher instructed him to proceed to Charlotte, North Carolina.

While following the last direction, he was involved in the collision with plaintiff’s automobile and trailer. Whether these dispatchers were authorized to act for Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad Company or the Carolina Coach Company, or both, or neither, does not appear from the evidence. On the other hand, Otis A. Barnes, Director of Safety for Carolina Coach Company, testified the bus, at the time of the accident, carried a placard, “Chartered . . . Operated for Safeway Trails, Inc., Washington, D. C., ICC — MC 84728.” Mr.

Barnes testified: “No employee, officer, or agent of Carolina Coach Company gave any instructions or orders whatsoever to Ronald Michael Temple, Sr., with respect to the January 1-2, 1962, trip of the bus, the operation of the same, or the manner in which it should be operated, or the route over which it should be operated.” The motion to quash the service was based on the affidavit of the Secretary for the Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad Company who stated its bus and driver were leased to Carolina Coach Company under an oral agreement.

However, the placard in the bus showed “Operated for Safeway Trails, Inc.,” under its ICC authority — MC 84728. Movant’s driver received instructions from movant to proceed from Baltimore to Washington. There he received and followed instructions from Safeway Bus Company to proceed to Danville, Virginia. There he received instructions from Virginia Trailways to proceed to Charlotte, North Carolina. Movant’s evidence, therefore, does not indicate that any agent of Carolina Coach Company at any time agreed to take any

part in the transportation of the soldiers on movant’s bus. The conclusion to that effect is unsupported by any factual averments in the movant’s affidavits or motion. The order quashing the service and dismissing the action is Reversed.