UNITED STATES of America v. Felicia THOMAS, Appellant, 335 F. App'x 204

OPINION ROTH, Circuit Judge: The District Court found that Felicia Thomas had violated the terms of her supervised release. She appealed. The District Court had jurisdiction pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3583. We have jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291 and 18 U.S.C. § 3742(a). We review the District Court’s decision to revoke supervised release for abuse of discretion. United States v. Maloney, 513 F.3d 350, 354 (3d Cir.2008). We will affirm. We assume the parties’ familiarity with the facts and the record of prior proceedings, which we describe only as necessary to explain our decision.

Thomas contends that the District Court erred by admitting hearsay regarding two toxicology reports that concluded that she had used marijuana on multiple occasions during her supervised release period. Thomas did not object to the reports themselves being admitted and appears to concede, on appeal, that they were admissible under the relaxed evidentiary standards of revocation proceedings; see United States v. McCallum, 677 F.2d 1024, 1026 (4th Cir.1982), cited with approval in United States v. Loy, 237 F.3d 251, 260 (3d Cir.2001).

Rather, she complains that testimony offered by the probation officer regarding her conversations with the toxicologists was improper because the officer could not adequately explain the toxicologists’ methodology. Had the toxicologists themselves testified, Thomas contends, she could have discredited their methodology and offered alternative explanations for the positive results. Thomas’s arguments are misplaced because the reports alone were sufficient to establish a violation. See United States v.

Gordon, 961 F.2d 426, 429 (3d Cir.1992) (noting that, while “drug use indicated by urinalysis is only circumstantial evidence of drug possession,” it is sufficient to establish a violation because “a court can revoke probation when it is reasonably satisfied that the probation conditions have been violated, without the government being required to present proof beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant committed the alleged acts”). Moreover, Thomas was given sufficient notice of the proceedings and the opinions contained in the toxicology reports.

If she had wanted to bring experts to offer alternative explanations for the positive test results, she could have done so. Accordingly, we will affirm the judgment of the District Court.