UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Rodolfo Martinez VALDEZ, also known as Mario Estrada, also known as Hector A. Martinez, also known as Flabiano Ortiz-Valdez, Defendant-Appellant, 168 F. App'x 669

PER CURIAM: Appealing the Judgment in a Criminal Case, Rodolfo Martinez Valdez raises arguments that are foreclosed by Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 235, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998), which held that a prior conviction is a sentencing factor under 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b)(2) and not a separate criminal offense. The Government’s motion for

summary affirmance is GRANTED, and the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED. Pursuant to 5th Cir. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5th Cir. R. 47:5.4.