UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee v. Bonifacio RODRIGUEZ-VARGAS, Defendant-Appellant, 239 F. App'x 915

PER CURIAM: Appealing the Judgment in a Criminal Case, Bonifacio Rodriguez-Vargas raises arguments that are foreclosed by Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 235, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998), which held that 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b)(2) is a penalty provision and not a separate criminal offense. See United States v. Pineda-Arrellano, 492 F.3d 624, 625 (5th Cir.2007). The appellant’s motion for

summary disposition is GRANTED, and the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED. Pursuant to 5th Cir. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5th Cir. R. 47.5.4.