PETERSBURG SAV. & INS. CO. et al. v. DELLATORRE et al., 70 F. 643

TOULMIN, District Judge, after stating the case as above, delivered the opinion of the court. The questions raised by the assignments of error involve the priority of payment of the receiver’s certificates, the other debts contracted by him, of the allowances made by the court below, and of the reasonableness of said allowances. The record embraces three appeals, taken from three separate decrees rendered in the cause, the last of which was entered on November 9, 1894.

As substantially the same questions are raised upon each of the appeals, we deem it necessary for the decision of the case to consider only the appeal from the last decree, which is confessedly final and appeal-able, while the other two decrees may be considered as interlocutory decrees. They are in fact so treated by both the counsel for the appellants and the appellees. The appellees move the court to dismiss the appeals taken from the two first-mentioned decrees. From the view we take of the case, it is unnecessary for us to pass upon these motions. 1.

Our opinion is that the decree of November 9, 1894, was erroneous, because it modified and altered the decree of January 11, 1893, rendered at a former term of the court, and which was a final decree. “A decree of sale in a foreclosure suit, which settles all the rights of the parties, and leaves nothing to be done but to make the sale and pay out the proceeds, is a final decree.” Grant v. Insurance Co., 106 U. S. 429, 1 Sup. Ct. 414; Green v. Fisk, 103 U. S. 518; Railroad Co. v.

Swasey, 23 Wall. 405. “A decree which terminates the litigation between the parties on the merits of the case is a final decree.” Bostwick v. Brinkeroff, 106 U. S. 3, 1 Sup. Ct. 15. The decree of September 29, 1892, was a decree of foreclosure and sale, and of reference to the master to ascertain and report the amount of the mortgage indebtedness, of proper allowances to be made to the receiver as compensation and expenses, of the amount of receiver’s certificates outstanding, and of proper allowances to the trustee and its solicitors.

The decree of January 11, 1893, was a decree of confirmation, and, taken in connection with and aided by the decree of September 29, 1892, terminated the litigation between the parties to the suit on the merits of the case, fixed their respective rights, and was a final decree, which passed beyond tin* control of the court at the dost' of the term at. which it was rendered. “A final decree cannot be vacated, altered, or modified after the close of the term at which it was rendered.” Bronson v. Schulten, 194 U. S. 410; Williams v. Morgan, 111 U. S. 684, 4 Sup. Ct. 638; Central Trust Co. v.

Grant Locomotive Works, 135 U. S. 224, 10 Sup. Ct. 736. 2. The decree of November 9, 1894, was also erroneous, and must be reversed, because it gave to the amounts allowed to the trustee and its solicitors as their compensation and expenses priority over riie receiver’s certificates. It is a general principle that, when a trust fund is brought into court for administration and distribution, it must bear the expense incurred in proper proceedings taken foi-lin' purpose. That expense necessarily includes reasonable counsel fees.

The counsel not only represents the complainant who employs him to represent his interest in the suit, but he incidentally represents all others having a common and like interest in the suit and in the fund brought by it info court, and who avail themselves of his services, and share in the benefits.

It is but equitable and jnsc that he should be compensated by all parlies thus interested, and that he should have a lien on the fund for his compensation to the extent of their interest to it. 'But. the rule cannot justly apply against one who sets up in himself an independent right to the property or fund in litigation. The holders of tin*, receiver's, certificates are clearly not of the same class, having a similar interest in the subject-matter of the litigation with the complainants, wiio bring the suit for themselves and all others having an interest in the mortgages, sought to be foreclosed by the suit.

They do not share* in the benefits of that suit. Their right is independent of it, and their claim involves an antagonistic interest to that of the complainants. “After the fund or property lias been brought in and made available by the decree of the court; and nothing remains but the proper administration and distribution, conies Is which may arise between claimants in respect to priorities or to the rigid to share are individual contests, involving antagonistic interests.” Strong v. Taylor, 82 Ala. 213, 2 South. 760; Hand v. Railroad Co., 21 S. C. 162; Miller v. Kehoe (Cal.) 40 Pac. 485; Trustee v.

Greenough, 105 U. S. 527; Railroad Co. v. Pettus, 113 U. S. 116, 5 Sup. Ct. 387; Bound v. Railway Co., 59 Fed. 509. The solicitors for the coinpbdn-ants have a lien on any fund in court going to their clients, who are the parlies interested in the foreclosure suit, and they are entitled to be paid from that fund before their clients are paid (Ex parte Lehman, Durr & Co., 59 Ala. 631; Railroad Co. v. Pettus, supra), but such lien should be postponed to that of the holders of the receiver’s certificates, who are entitled to priority of payment over the allowance to the trustee and its solicitors.

We consider the allowance as compensation to the receiver and his solicitors as part of the taxable costs in the case, and as such is preferred to the receiver’s certificates, and entitled to prior payment. 3. We express no opinion as to whether the amounts allowed to the trustee and to its solicitors and to the receiver and his solicitors are excessive. We appreciate the fact that "no question can arise in a case giving greater embarrassment to a judge personally than the question of counsel fees,” yet we fully concur with the supreme court of Alabama in the opinion expressed in Strong v.

Taylor, supra, that "the courts, while observing principles of equity, and a fair consideration of the value and utility of the services rendered, should be cautious not to award excessive or improper allowances, whereby just criticism may be provoked.” But the allowances in this case were settled by the decree of January 11, 1893, which was a final decree. From that decree no appeal has been taken. On the hearing of this case there was submitted by the appellees a motion to strike out certain assignments of error relating to the amount of said allowances.

A motion to strike out an assignment of error because not well taken is not good practice. If permitted, it being a preliminary question, the court could be called on to hear the case by piecemeal; for in every contested appeal the ultimate question is whether the assignment of error is well taken. The motion to strike out is denied. The decrees appealed from are reversed, and the cause is remanded, with directions to the court below to enter a decree in accordance with the views expressed in this opinion.