William Millican's Ex'rix. v. John Millican, 15 Tex. 460

Lipscomb, J. It appears from the record, that there was a former suit between the same parties, for precisely the same subject matter, which commenced in the Probate Court, where judgment was rendered against the appellee in this suit, from which he appealed to the District Court, in which Court the judgment of the Probate Court was affirmed. The appellee, then brought this suit. Among other defences, the defendant set up the former judgment, in bar, and also the statute of limitations.

If the former judgment embraced the same cause of action, and the Court had competent jurisdiction to make the adjudication on the merits, its conclusiveness cannot be questioned in a collateral way, so long as it remains unannulled or reversed.

The former suit, as it has been stated, commenced in the Probate Court, by the petition of Millican, making opposition to the final settlement by the executrix, and closing the estate of her testator, alleging that he had moneyed claims against the estate, that had been presented to the executrix and allowed by her, that had not been paid, and praying that the executrix be required to sell a portion of the property of the estate sufficient to pay the amount of his claim. The case, after lingering some years in the Probate Court, was decided against the petitioner ; and he appealed to the District Court.

It is most probable that the decision in the Probate Court was for want of the proper presentation, and approval of the claims to make it an acknowledged debt of the succession. If it had been properly presented and acknowledged, and petitioner failed to prove it in the Probate Court, after the case went to the District Court, on his appeal, he had an opportunity of improving his evidence in that Court, as the cause was then to be tried de novo. It does not appear what evidence was offered in the District Court on the appeal.

" It was however, the judgment of that Court, that the judgment of the Probate Court be affirmed. The mere errors of that judgment, if there be any, are not before us, as the judgement stands unimpeached, and we can only look to the record and judgment to see what was put in contestation and what decided. If the facts stated in the petition to the Probate Court were true, that there had been a presentation and an admittance of the claims within the terms of the law, it was a matter clearly within the jurisdiction of the Court, in which the remedy was sought, and would be such a case as the one of Neil v.

Hodge, 5 Tex. R. 587. But if in fact, there had never been a presentation in the terms of the law, the Court of Probate was right in dismissing the petition. In such case, the petitioner, if not barred by the statute of limitation, might begin anew, by presenting his claim. This suit was instituted in consequence of the failure to have the claim presented and allowed in the terms of the law. The question is, then, was it brought within the time, to save it from the influence of the statute of limitation. The debt claimed was due in 1840, and this suit was not brought until 1852.

The proceedings before the Probate Court, which terminated in the District Court, affirming the judgment, did not interrupt the running of the statute. And the ground of the plaintiff's failing in these preceedings was, that no sufficient presentation was proven. At least this is assumed by the party, to avoid the bar of the former judgment.. The claim was barred by the general statute of limitation, and was barred by not presenting it within the time required by law, to the administrator or executor, according to the decision of this Court in Hadley v. McDougal, 1 Tex. It. 490..

But in this suit, he alleges that the. claim had been presented and approved by the executrix and Probate Judge. If so, this suit cannot be sustained, because the grounds on which an administrator or an executor can be sued, is their denial of the demands ; and again, if as was before stated, the demand and acceptance had been made, the plaintiff could have had his claim set up in his petition to the Probate Court, satisfied by the sale of a portion of the property of the estate.

The-parties waived a jury and submitted the case to the Judge, who gave a judgment for the plaintiff, which judgment we-believe to be erroneous. It is therefore reversed, and the judgment'rendered in favor of the appellant, who was the defendant in the Court below. Reversed and re-formed